1. Secondary
1.1. G9 1D:Characteristics of electricity
1.1.1. E1. assess some of the costs and benefits associated with the production of electrical energy from renewable and non‑renewable sources, and analyse how electrical efficiencies and savings can be achieved, through both the design of technological devices and practices in the home; E2. investigate, through inquiry, various aspects of electricity, including the properties of static and current electricity, and the quantitative relationships between potential difference, current, and resistance in electrical circuits; E3. demonstrate an understanding of the principles of static and current electricity
1.2. G9 1P: Electrical Applications
1.2.1. E1. assess the major social, economic, and environmental costs and benefits of using electrical energy, distinguishing between renewable and non-renewable sources, and propose a plan of action to reduce energy costs; E2. investigate, through inquiry, the properties of static and current electricity and the cost of the consumption of electrical energy; E3. demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and principles of static and current electricity
1.3. G10 2D: Light and Geometric Optics
1.3.1. E1. evaluate the effectiveness of technological devices and procedures designed to make use of light, and assess their social benefits; E2. investigate, through inquiry, the properties of light, and predict its behaviour, particularly with respect to reflection in plane and curved mirrors and refraction in converging lenses; E3. demonstrate an understanding of various characteristics and properties of light, particularly with respect to reflection in mirrors and reflection and refraction in lenses.
1.4. G10 2P: Light and Applications of Optics
1.4.1. E1. analyse how properties of light and colour are applied in technology and the impact of these technologies on society; E2. investigate, through inquiry, properties of light, and predict its behaviour in mirrors and as it passes through different media; E3. demonstrate an understanding of characteristics and properties of light, particularly with respect to reflection and refraction and the addition and subtraction of colour.
2. SPH3U
2.1. Kinematics Motion involves a change in the position of an object over time. Motion can be described using mathematical relationships. Many technologies that apply concepts related to kinematics have societal and environmental implications.
2.2. Forces Forces can change the motion of an object. Applications of Newton’s laws of motion have led to technological developments that affect society and the environment.
2.3. Energy and Society Energy can be transformed from one type to another. Energy transformation systems often involve thermal energy losses and are never 100% efficient. Although technological applications that involve energy transformations can affect society and the environment in positive ways, they can also have negative effects, and therefore must be used responsibly
2.4. Waves and Sound Mechanical waves have specific characteristics and predictable properties. Sound is a mechanical wave. Mechanical waves can affect structures, society, and the environment in positive and negative ways.
2.5. Electricity and Magnetism Relationships between electricity and magnetism are predictable. Electricity and magnetism have many technological applications. Technological applications that involve electromagnetism and energy transformations can affect society and the environment in positive and negative ways.
3. SPH4C
3.1. Motion and Its Applications All motion involves a change in the position of an object over time. Motion can be described using mathematical relationships. Many technologies that utilize the principles of motion have societal and environmental implications.
3.2. Mechanical Systems Mechanical systems use force to do work. The operation of mechanical systems can be described using mathematical relationships. Friction is a force that influences the design, use, and effectiveness of mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can be used to address social and environmental challenges.
3.3. Electricity and Magnetism Relationships between electricity and magnetism are predictable. Electricity and magnetism have many technological applications. Technological applications that use electricity and magnetism can affect society and the environment in positive and negative ways.
3.4. Energy Transformations Energy can be transformed from one type to another. Systems that involve energy transformations are never 100% efficient. Although technological applications that involve energy transformations can affect society and the environment in positive ways, they can also have negative effects, and therefore must be used responsibly
3.5. Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems Fluids under pressure can be used to do work. Fluids under pressure have predictable properties and many technological applications. The uses of hydraulic and pneumatic systems can have social and economic consequences.
4. Elementary
4.1. G1: Materials, objects and Everyday Structures
4.1.1. 1. assess the impact on people and the environment of objects and structures and the materials used in them; 2. investigate structures that are built for a specific purpose to see how their design and materials suit the purpose; 3. demonstrate an understanding that objects and structures have observable characteristics and are made from materials with specific properties that determine how they are used.
4.2. G2: Movement
4.2.1. 1. assess the impact on society and the environment of simple machines and mechanisms; 2. investigate mechanisms that include simple machines and enable movement; 3. demonstrate an understanding of movement and ways in which simple machines help to move objects
4.3. G3: Strong and Stable Structures
4.3.1. 1. assess the importance of form, function, strength, and stability in structures through time; 2. investigate strong and stable structures to determine how their design and materials enable them to perform their load-bearing function; 3. demonstrate an understanding of the concepts of structure, strength, and stability and the factors that affect them.
4.4. G4: Pulleys and Gears
4.4.1. 1. evaluate the impact of pulleys and gears on society and the environment; 2. investigate ways in which pulleys and gears modify the speed and direction of, and the force exerted on, moving objects; 3. demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles and functions of pulley systems and gear systems.
4.5. G5: Forces Acting on Structures and Mechanisms
4.5.1. 1. analyse social and environmental impacts of forces acting on structures and mechanisms; 2. investigate forces that act on structures and mechanisms; 3. identify forces that act on and within structures and mechanisms, and describe the effects of these forces on structures and mechanisms.
4.6. G6: Flight
4.6.1. 1. assess the societal and environmental impacts of flying devices that make use of properties of air; 2. investigate ways in which flying devices make use of properties of air; 3. explain ways in which properties of air can be applied to the principles of flight and flying devices.
4.7. G7: Form and Function
4.7.1. 1. analyse personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that need to be considered in designing and building structures and devices; 2. design and construct a variety of structures, and investigate the relationship between the design and function of these structures and the forces that act on them; 3. demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between structural forms and the forces that act on and within them.
4.8. G8: Systems in Action
4.8.1. 1. assess the personal, social, and/or environmental impacts of a system, and evaluate improvements to a system and/or alternative ways of meeting the same needs; 2. investigate a working system and the ways in which components of the system contribute to its desired function; 3. demonstrate an understanding of different types of systems and the factors that contribute to their safe and efficient operation.