My Foundations of Education

1. 3. History of U.S. Education

1.1. Education for Women and African-Americans Reform

1.1.1. This reform has had such an important place in the history of U.S. Education. It has given so many citizens a right to learn and grow as knowledgeable citizens and make society more of an equal playing field. Even though segregation was still an issue at the time, there had been so much progress made. White males were no longer the most educated and children would be allowed to learn and learn how to accept women and African Americans as being equally important in society.

1.2. The Democratic-Liberal School

1.2.1. This is one of the three historical interpretations. It believes in equality of opportunity for every student and to ignore the conservative view of schools as higher institutions for the privileged students. It tends to be more optimistic, however, there are flaws. Equality is inevitable and not always achievable, but the Democratic-Liberal School wants to create just that.

2. 8. Equality of Opportunity

2.1. Class

2.1.1. Different class = different academic experiences. Studies show that the longer students stay in school, the more financial stable that student could be in their adult life.

2.2. Race

2.2.1. Race is still a huge factor in today's society. It also plays a huge role in how students will learn throughout their education.

2.3. Gender

2.3.1. Today, women are often the better learners, however, they have not always obtained the same level of education as men. Math is a big difference between and generally males are better. In the past 20 years, the difference in gender has reduced.

2.4. Coleman Study

2.4.1. The Coleman Study was to see the differences between schools and their students outcomes. The main focus was to see that African American students and white students had different schooling experiences.

3. 4. Sociological Perspectives

3.1. Knowledge and Attitudes

3.1.1. I believe are some of the most important things a person can have. Attitudes towards school can play a huge role on how the student learns in the classroom. It is said that if the student comes from a higher background they have a better attitude, regardless of the school. Teacher Behavior is another key factor in a students success. The teachers can be looked at as role models to the students and they set the standards to influence student achievement. The more dedicated a teacher is, the higher motivation the students will likely have to learn. Student Peer Groups and Alienation are such a sensitive topic. It can play a huge role on if a student will even want to be at school. When students get real angry with their teachers, there have been cases where they retaliated against them. It is important for teachers to realize the culture of the students they are teaching so they can teach them the best way. Inadequate Schools can end up hurting the students for when they are trying to prepare for their future. Schools aren't always able to provide appropriately to prepare students as they go on throughout their schooling. Tracking students is important because it shows where they are at in a certain curriculum. It helps teachers grow and be able to focus more on helping the student achieve more greatness.

3.2. Functional

3.2.1. Functional Theories are a lot like machines in the way they work. It takes both sides in order for everything to work out like it should. Schools should socialize students where they group together with others who shared their same abilities.

3.3. Conflict

3.3.1. Conflict Theories suggest that real dominant groups have influence the non-dominant groups through their actions. They do not see school and society as straightforward or problematical.

3.4. Interaction

3.4.1. Interaction Theories are about the relation of school and society. Interaction theories go deeper into analyzing students on a more sociological level.

4. 5. Philosophy of Education

4.1. Methods of Instruction

4.1.1. Also called the "problem solving method." This encourage students to be active in what they were learning. Curriculum when it is Dewey's way, is taking one topic and finding a way to use every subject that correlates with the topic.

4.2. Generic Notions

4.2.1. Generic Notions from Dewey started out with the new psychology, behaviorism and the philosophy of pragmatism. This has a lot to do with the idea of education creating a better society.

4.3. The Goal of Education

4.3.1. The Goal of Education is mainly about schools being rooted in the social order. Dewey wanted it to prepare students to function properly in our democratic society.

4.4. The Role of the Teacher

4.4.1. The Role of the Teacher is not to be an authority figure in the classroom when it is a progressive setting. The teachers encourages discussion.

5. 9. Educational Inequality

5.1. Cultural Deprivation Theories

5.1.1. It was popularized in the 60s and stated that working class & non-white families often lack cultural resources and this results in a significant disadvantage. This theory main belief is that it is all in the way they were raised.

5.2. School-Centered Explanations

5.2.1. School Financing

5.2.1.1. Public schools are financed through a combination of revenues different sources through the local, state, and federal level. One of the main majority of the funds is from property taxes. The better the properties are in the area, the better the funding.

5.2.2. Effective School Research

5.2.2.1. The differences in school resources doesn't always explain the difference in achievement in academics. The main concern is with unequal performance of nonwhite and working-class students in education.

5.2.3. Curriculum & Pedagogic Practices

5.2.3.1. School climates affecting academic performance. They look at the differences between inner-city, lower economic neighborhoods schools, can affect the outcomes in education.

5.2.4. Gender & Schooling

5.2.4.1. Feminists believe that schooling can often limit certain chances in their schooling can limit the educational opportunities and life chances of women. Schools tend to continue gender roles sometimes.

6. 10. Educational Reform

6.1. School Based Reforms

6.1.1. School-Business Partnerships

6.1.1.1. In the 80s business started doubting that schools were not producing graduates that were going to help benefit the economy. There has been groups to help produce better graduates to help boost the economy.

6.1.2. School-to-Work Programs

6.1.2.1. In the 90s school-business partnerships grew and became involved in school-to-work programs. Bill Clinton signed the Act in '94, the law provided seed money to improve businesses so they could start the school-to-work systems.

6.1.3. School Finance Reforms

6.1.3.1. Full Service & Community Schools

6.1.3.1.1. Instead of just trying to educate the whole child, educate the whole community. Full service schools focus on meeting students and their families needs by school and community services.

6.1.3.2. Harlem Children's Zone

6.1.3.2.1. If parents are more educated, they'll be more likely to read to their children when they are younger and make their children want to read on their own when they are older. Their are programs that help encourage lower income and minority children a better quality education to be successful. This way they will not be so behind when they start school.

7. 2. Politics of Education

7.1. Intellectual Purpose

7.1.1. Teaching basic cognitive skills to transmit specific knowledge & to help students reach a more detailed way of thinking.

7.2. Political Purpose

7.2.1. Teaching students basic laws of society and get them prepared to one day use the political order in a democrat society.

7.3. Social Purpose

7.3.1. Help teach students how to solve social problems and get them ready to learn how to ensure social cohesion.

7.4. Economic Purpose

7.4.1. Preparing students for their future job roles.

8. 6. Schools as Organizations

8.1. State Senator

8.1.1. Richard Briggs

8.2. House of Represenative

8.2.1. Marsha Blackburn

8.3. State Superintendent

8.3.1. Dr. Lyle Ailshie

8.4. Representative on State School Board

8.4.1. Ms. Wendy Tucker

8.5. Local Superintendent

8.5.1. Phillip Wright

8.6. Local School Board

8.6.1. Richie Brewer

8.6.2. Joy McMasters

8.6.3. Paul Allen

8.6.4. Bill Holt

8.6.5. Edwin Lovely

8.6.6. Charles McElroy

8.6.7. David Wamble

9. 7. Curriculum and Pedagogy

9.1. Social Efficiency Curriculum

9.2. Traditions of Teaching

9.2.1. The Mimetic Tradition

9.2.1.1. Sharing ones knowledge to another by shadowing what how they learn. It is easy to learn and easy for students to forget through this tradition, also.

9.2.2. The Transformation Tradition

9.2.2.1. Seeing a transformation in a student while being taught. It is important to see progress in this tradition.