Enlightened Despots

1. Frederick the Great of Russia

1.1. Encouraged diverse populations of immigrants to enter Prussia

1.2. Great military leader

1.2.1. Known for victory of Seven Years War in 1763

1.2.2. Reorganized the Prussian army

1.3. Reformed the judicial system

1.4. Very much liked music

1.4.1. Played and composed music

1.4.2. Patron of music and other arts

2. Joseph II Holy Roman Emperor of Austria

2.1. Son of Maria Theresa

2.2. Reduced power of state censorship

2.3. Was Catholic, but allowed various religions

2.4. Josephinism: collection of the policies he made

2.4.1. From 1765–1790

3. Catherine the Great of Russia

3.1. Longest ruling female leader of Russia

3.2. Founded many new cities and towns

3.3. Opressive regime to peasants

3.3.1. Russia still relied heavily on feudalism/serfs

3.4. Came into power after rebellion against husband in 1762

4. Maria Theresa of Austria

4.1. Last of the House of Habsburg

4.2. Only female ruler of Habsburg dominion

4.3. Made many financial and educational reforms

4.4. Refused religious tolerance

4.4.1. Many thought her administration was bigoted

4.5. Required infant autopsies

4.5.1. Needed to solve infant mortality problem

4.5.2. Created extremely detailed autopsy records