1. Definition
1.1. Al-'ilm العلم
1.2. The arrival in the soul and arrival of the soul of the meaning or an object of knowledge.
1.3. Al-Ghazzali
1.3.1. Realization of the meanings of things
2. Classifications
2.1. Absolute Knowledge
2.1.1. Knowledge of God who know every single detail.
2.2. Limited Knowledge
2.2.1. Gifted Knowledge
2.2.1.1. Sacred
2.2.1.2. Instinct (Ilham)
2.2.2. Acquired Knowledge
2.2.2.1. Praiseworthy
2.2.2.1.1. Fard 'Ain
2.2.2.1.2. Fard Kifayah
2.2.2.2. Blame worthy
2.2.2.2.1. By external influence
2.2.2.2.2. By itself
2.3. Al-Ghazzali's Criteria
2.3.1. 1) Theoretical and Practical
2.3.2. 2) Presential and Acquired
2.3.3. 3) Religious and Intellectual
2.3.4. 4) Personal and Collective Knowledge
3. Sources
3.1. 1) Al-Quran
3.1.1. The Book revealed from Allah to His Messenger Muhammad(SAW).
3.1.2. Pure speech of Allah (al-Nisa':42)
3.1.3. Only His speech revealed to Muhammad(SAW)
3.1.4. Exposition to all things
3.1.5. As guidance and mercy
3.1.6. Nothing is neglected (al-Nahl:89)
3.2. 2) As-Sunnah
3.2.1. Literal meaning
3.2.1.1. Clear path, an established conduct, a pattern of life, a precedent and a custom.
3.2.2. Technical meaning
3.2.2.1. The acts, sayings and approvals of the Messenger of Allah.
3.3. 3) Reasons العقل
3.3.1. Used to denote a number of self-evident principles which helps in the process of thinking
3.3.2. Capacity to acknowledge the truth of certain assertions and deny the truth of others
3.4. 4) Hawwas (Senses)
3.4.1. The Quran urges us to use all faculties of senses.
3.4.2. Five types of senses
3.4.2.1. Hearing
3.4.2.2. Sight
3.4.2.3. Smell
3.4.2.4. Taste
3.4.2.5. Touch