Foundations of Education

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Foundations of Education by Mind Map: Foundations of Education

1. Equality of Oppertunity

1.1. Race, gender, and class are all important things we as teachers need to take into consideration when in regards to our students. Those three things play a huge role in each of our student's lives. We as teachers must always be aware of how race, class and gender effect our classroom. Teachers need to make sure all students have equality in those areas and that no student feels left out or unloved because of their race, gender or class.

1.1.1. Race: Unfortunately race will always be an issue in our world. As much as I would love to say it isn't or it will not always be this way; I know it will. It most definitely plays a role in education. Kids are bullied everyday in schools.

1.1.2. Class: Class plays a role in education. When a student is ready to attend college they will have to pay for it, receive scholarships, or obtain student loans. One's class effects how they will pay for college.

1.1.3. Gender: There was a time when woman were not allowed to attend college. Clearly gender was the cause of that. I am thankful that has changed and we are able to attend college and earn degrees.

2. Politics of Education

2.1. Four Purposes of Education

2.1.1. Intellectual

2.1.1.1. Schools provide intellectual growth.

2.1.2. Political and Civic

2.1.2.1. Schools teach students that the U.S. is the Land of the Free and Home of the Brave.

2.1.3. Economic

2.1.3.1. Prepares students for their desired occupations.

2.1.4. Social

2.1.4.1. Skills that are honed in the K12 classroom.

2.2. Conservative Perspective

2.2.1. Role of the school: to provide the student with the best education to ensure they reach their potential.

2.2.2. Unequal Performance: Groups and individuals do well or poorly based on their own intelligence, work ethic, and initiative.

2.2.3. Definition of Educational Problems: Decline of Standards

3. Sociological Perspectives

3.1. Theoretical perspective between school and society

3.1.1. Fuctionalism: The social needs they serve in our social system. (school-society)

3.1.2. Conflict: See schools as a tool of domination.

3.1.3. Interactionalism: Social interaction within the classroom and in other areas of the school.

3.2. Effects of Schooling on Individuals

3.2.1. Employment: Majority of students think they will have better job opportunities once they graduate from college

3.2.2. Education and Schooling: The more education a student has leads to education and social mobility.

3.2.3. Teacher Behavior: Teachers have a major impact on how students perform academically.

3.2.4. Tracking: has a major impact on student mobility

3.2.5. Gender: a way schools reproduce inequalities.

4. Philosophy of Education

4.1. Pragmatism

4.1.1. Encourages people to find processes that work in a way to accomplish their goals.

4.1.2. George Sanders Pierce, William James, John Dewey

4.1.3. Comes from the Greek word pragma, which means work.

4.1.4. Study the past

4.1.5. Action oriented and experientially grounded

4.1.6. Generic Notion: Children would learn experientially and from books as well as traditional information.

4.1.7. Function as preparation for life in a democratic society

4.1.8. The teacher becomes the peripheral position of facilitator according to page 189 of our text

4.1.9. Problem solving or inquiry method

4.1.10. Particular subject matter studied by students.

5. Schools as Organizations

5.1. Lawrence County, Alabama Educational Steakholders

5.1.1. School Board Members: Shannon Terry, Gary Bradford, Christine Garner, Reta Waldrep, and Dr. Beth Vinson

5.1.2. Superintendent: Jon Brett Smith

5.1.3. State Superintendent: Michael Sentance

5.1.4. House of Representatives: Robert Aderholt

5.1.5. Senators: Richard Shelby and Jeff Sessions

5.1.6. State School Board Representative: Yvette Richardson-Vice President

5.2. Elements of change within school processes and school cultures

5.2.1. Conflict: Problems that were hidden before, issues and disagreements teachers had are allowed to be brought to the surface

5.2.2. New behaviors have to be learned. Communication and trust have to be built.

5.2.3. Team Building: All the staff must work together and reach decisions together in order to make change happen.

5.2.4. Process and Content: The way (process) a team of teachers goes about a plan effects the content. In order for students to learn the content teachers must do a great job of processing how they will teach it.

6. History of U.S. Education

6.1. Standards Movement

6.1.1. No Child Left Behind

6.1.2. Parents have the right to choose between public schools or private schools.

6.1.3. A Nation at Risk

6.1.4. Charter Schools

6.1.5. Standardized testing for the achievement of students.

6.1.6. Move toward setting academic goals and assessments.

6.2. Conservation Perspective

6.2.1. More culture influence needed

6.2.2. Equal opportunity for students to succeed.

6.2.3. Standardized testing has resulted in public schools taking over.

6.2.4. Diane Ravitch

6.2.5. Political and social objectives have hurt our education goals.

6.2.6. We have not achieved the ability to bridge the gap between poor and rich people.

7. Curriculum and Perdagogy

7.1. I advocate the humanist curriculum theory. One of the main goals of this curriculum is to present the students to the best of what has been written and thought. The humanist curriculum recommended that all secondary students be taught a foreign language, math, English, history and science even if they did not plan to attend college. I strongly agree with that recommendation, and I feel students should learn all of those subjects to help them be a better well rounded citizen.

7.2. Two dominant traditions of teaching: Mimetic- This tradition is one that gives a central place to the passing of knowledge from one person to the next by an imitating process. The root term of mimetic is the Greek word mimesis, which means to mimic. Transformative- This tradition deems successful teaching to be capable of accomplishing a transformation of one kind or another in the person being taught.

8. Educational Inequality

8.1. The theory argues that the middle class achieves cultural capital due to the result of primary socialization, while the working class doesn't.

8.2. School climate: A positive school climate is a must. They allow for more learning and more understanding by students. When the students feel safe and connected to their teachers then the achievement gap can shrink between low class students and higher class students. That helps the educational inequality decrease.

8.3. Teachers and teaching methods: Every teacher is different and has a different style of teaching. There will always be a student who feels they do not have equality, because they may not like their teacher or how they teach.

8.4. Teacher expectation: I feel like teachers usually have high expectations at the beginning of each school year. We hope that students are prepared well enough to enter into our classroom. Certain students may feel singled out or feel less intelligent because of their background, and it is our job to make sure that does not happen.

8.5. Curriculum: The curriculum is most definitely a way for educational inequality to be present. Teachers have to abide by the schools curriculum and teach the material they are told to. However, it is the job of the teacher to transfer the material to the minds of the students in a way that they understand. If teachers do that it will cut down on educational inequality.

9. Educational Reform

9.1. School and Business Partnerships: Businesses partner with schools to hopefully get graduating students to come work for them. That theory rarely works according to statistics. One wonderful benefit of businesses partnering with schools is that it brings money into the schools while also promoting their business.

9.2. Societal and Community Reform: The things that make up successful societal and community reforms are:: Student centered learning, parent-community ties, leadership, professional capacity, and instructional guidance.