1. Cromwellian plantation
1.1. Oliver Cromwell
1.2. 1641 rebellion
1.2.1. English civil war
1.2.1.1. Royalists
1.2.1.2. Parliamentarians
1.2.1.3. Charles I
1.2.2. Irish took their opportunity
1.2.3. Protestants exaggerated numbers killed
1.2.3.1. 200,000 said, only about 4,000
1.3. Cromwell came to Ireland
1.3.1. To get revenge on Catholics
1.3.2. To pay parliament's debts
1.4. Brought 12,000 experienced soldiers
1.4.1. Strategically conquered big towns
1.4.2. Many died
1.5. Plantation
1.5.1. Act of Settlement
1.5.1.1. Catholic landowners sent to Connaught
1.5.1.2. Protestants paid a fine to keep
1.5.1.3. Priests wiped out
1.6. Results
1.6.1. Catholic landowners lessened, more Protestant landowners
1.6.2. Labourers still catholic so Protestantism failed to spread
2. Ulster plantation
2.1. James I
2.2. Nine years war
2.2.1. Asked Spain for help
2.2.2. Pretended for Catholicism
2.2.3. Spanish arrived in cork
2.2.4. English were already there when Ulster soldiers arrived
2.2.5. Flight of the earls
2.3. Plantation
2.3.1. Londonderry
2.3.1.1. London guilds encouraged to invest;12
2.3.2. Estates
2.3.2.1. More manageable sizes
2.3.2.2. Undertakers, servitors, loyal Irish
2.4. Results
2.4.1. New towns
2.4.2. New settlers
2.4.3. New houses
2.4.4. New laws
2.4.5. New religions
2.4.6. New farming and trading ways
2.4.7. Religion divided people
2.4.8. Undertakers broke their agreements
2.5. 1600
3. Laois Offaly plantation
3.1. Mary I
3.2. Confiscated land around Pale and offered to English soldiers
3.3. One third (bog land) given back to Irish
3.4. Sheriff in both counties
3.5. Not enough families came, none from England
4. Munster plantation
4.1. Elizabeth I
4.2. Fitzgeralds of Desmond
4.2.1. Afraid of English taking over their land
4.2.2. Catholic, didn't want to be Protestant
4.2.3. Adventurers arrived, Elizabeth entertained their claims
4.3. Munster confiscated, land divided into estates
4.3.1. Undertaker agreed to:
4.3.2. Bring in English families
4.3.3. Build a castle and pay for soldiers
4.3.4. Not to receive Gaelic Irish
4.3.5. Follow Protestantism and common law
4.4. Results
4.4.1. 20,000 people expected, 4,000 came
4.4.2. Undertakers gave land to higher paying Gaelic Irish
4.4.3. Huge estates they couldn't defend properly
4.4.4. Some were successful,new towns
5. Beginnings
5.1. Ireland before
5.1.1. Gaelic lords
5.1.2. Old English lords
5.1.3. The Pale
5.2. Surrender and regrant
5.2.1. Didn't work
5.3. Why plantations?
5.3.1. New settlers cheaper than keeping army
5.3.2. Bring English laws and customs, improve economy and increase trade
5.3.3. Spread Protestantism
6. Changes to Ireland
6.1. Landownership
6.2. Protestant Ascendancy
6.3. New landlords
6.4. Farming
6.5. New Irish people
6.6. Plantation towns
6.7. Industry
6.8. Law and order
6.9. Irish customs
6.10. Religion
6.10.1. Tension between both
6.10.2. Many Catholics
6.10.3. Penal laws