Evolution

1. Old Genes, New Tricks

1.1. Modification of genes causes cells to do new things or look different.

2. Artificial vs. Natural Selection

2.1. Genetically modified organisms

2.2. Artificial selection has the goal of producing beneficial organisms vs natural selection whose only goal is to have surviving organisms

2.3. Dogs are less suited for the wild than their ancestors, the Eurasian gray wolves, due to artificial selection

2.4. Horses that were heavy were bred for yardwork, light horses were bred for riding, now horses are bred for sports.

3. Evolution of Corn

3.1. Corn vs Teosinte

3.1.1. 5 genes separate the two

3.2. 10,000 years

3.3. Bred for: Types and amounts of starch production Ability to grow in different climates and types of soil Length and number of kernel rows Kernel size, shape, and color Resistance to pests

4. Recipe for Evolution: Variation, Selection, and Time

4.1. Mutations lead to variations in our environment.

4.2. The selected surviving variations pass off their traits, overtime these traits become the norm.

5. Stickleback Evolution

5.1. Low-armored stickleback fish in the Loberg Lake reappeared about being poisioned.

5.2. The low-armored fish would evolve to be better suited to the environment over the fully-armored fish.

5.3. The low-armored fish were quicker and matured faster to avoid predators.