1. Leonardo da Vinci
1.1. Early life
1.1.1. Born 1452, Vinci
1.1.2. 15, apprenticed to Verrocchio
1.1.3. Better than master became clear soon
1.2. Paintings
1.2.1. The Last Supper
1.2.1.1. Fresco in Milan
1.2.1.2. New paint mix didn't work
1.2.1.3. Soon paint peeled away
1.2.2. First dentist to use sfumato
1.2.3. Mona Lisa
1.2.3.1. Sfumato
1.2.4. The Virgin of the Rock
1.2.4.1. Showed love of nature
1.3. Notebooks
1.3.1. Mirror writing
1.3.2. 5,000+ pages
1.3.3. Botany, geology, engineering
1.4. Inventor
1.4.1. Duke of Milan
1.4.1.1. Tank
1.4.1.2. Cannon
1.4.2. Sforza wouldn't fund
1.4.2.1. Submarine
1.4.2.2. Helicopter
1.4.2.3. Parachute
1.5. Last years
1.5.1. Milan captured by French
1.5.2. Not popular in Florence or Rome
1.5.2.1. Younger artists i.e. Raphael, Michelangelo
1.5.3. King of France, works for
1.5.4. Dies there 3 years later, 1519
2. Changes
2.1. Anatomy
2.1.1. Artists cut up dead bodies
2.1.2. More accurate body paintings
2.2. Perspective
2.3. Portraits (became popular)
2.4. Sfumato
2.4.1. Blended lines using tiny brushstrokes
2.4.2. Realistic shadows + no harsh outlines
2.5. Oil paint
2.5.1. Linseed oil as opposed to egg white
2.5.2. This dried slower
2.5.3. More time to work in detail
2.6. Canvas
2.6.1. Used to be wooden boards
2.6.2. Dries slower
2.6.3. Means less likely to crack
2.7. Frescos
2.7.1. Painting on wet plaster
2.7.2. Decorate houses and churches
3. Pieter Bruegel
3.1. Early life
3.1.1. Father was peasant farmer
3.1.2. Born 1525, Brueghel, Netherlands
3.1.3. Apprenticed to Pieter Coecke van Aelst
3.1.4. Married his daughter
3.1.5. Went to France and Italy
3.1.6. Accepted into painters' guild in Antwerp
3.2. Paintings
3.2.1. Painted scenery and nature
3.2.1.1. First to paint landscapes for their own sake
3.2.1.2. Most tell story/moral message
3.2.2. Painted ordinary people
3.2.2.1. Rare, most artists painted rich
3.2.2.2. People appear ugly and stupid
3.2.2.3. He didn't have much faith in human nature
3.3. End of life
3.3.1. Died at 44
3.3.2. Pieter and Jan, sons, became famous painters
3.3.3. About 45 paintings survived, many lost