Stabilization and Solidition

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Stabilization and Solidition by Mind Map: Stabilization and Solidition

1. Stabilization

1.1. DEFINITION

1.1.1. Reagents are mixed with waste reduce the hazardous nature of waste by converting the waste and its hazardous constituents into a form that minimizes the rate of contaminant migration into the environment, or reduce the level of toxicity

1.2. HOW

1.2.1. •Improve the handling and physical characteristics of the waste •Decrease the surface area across which transfer or loss of contaminants can occur •Limit the solubility of any pollutants contained in the waste •Reduce the toxicity of the contaminants

2. Areas of application for stabilization technologies

2.1. Land disposal – stabilization of wastes prior to secure landfill disposal

2.1.1. Land disposal of liquid waste increases the likelihood of contaminant migration Liquid waste, along with wet sludge, must be stabilized prior to landfilling To effectively stabilized liquids, the stabilization agents cannot be absorbents (e.g. sawdust)

2.2. Site remediation – remediation of contaminated sites

2.2.1. The remediation of contaminated sites having organic wastes, inorganic wastes, and/or contaminated soils. Stabilization is particularly well suited for sites where the hazard involves large quantities of soil contaminated at low levels.

3. Solidition

3.1. DEFINITION

3.1.1. Sufficient quantities of solidifying material are added to the hazardous materials to result in a solidified mass of material

4. Objective

4.1. Reduction in waste toxicity and mobility

4.2. processes are combined in the treatment of hazardous waste

5. Mechanism of Stabilization

5.1. Macro encapsulation

5.1.1. The mechanism by which hazardous waste constituents are physically entrapped in a larger structural matrix, that is, the hazardous waste constituents are held in discontinuous pores between the stabilizing materials

5.2. Microencapsulation

5.2.1. The mechanism by which hazardous waste constituents are entrapped within the crystalline structure of the solidified matrix at a microscopic level.

5.3. Absorption

5.3.1. A process by which contaminants are taken into the sorbent in very much the same way a sponge takes on water.

5.4. Adsorption

5.4.1. A phenomenon by which contaminants are electrochemically bonded to stabilizing agents within the matrix through van der Waal’s hydrogen bonding

5.5. Precipitation

5.5.1. Certain stabilization processes will precipitate contaminants from the waste, resulting in a more stable form of the constituents within the waste

5.6. Detoxification

5.6.1. Any mechanism that changes a chemical constituent into another constituent (or form of the same constituent) that is either less toxic or nontoxic.