THE FORCES AND THE MACHINES
by Raúl Caro
1. the forces and their balance
1.1. Force, is any action capable of altering the state of rest or movement of the bodies or of producing in them some deformation, its unit in the SI is newton
1.2. elements of a force
1.2.1. module
1.2.2. direcction
1.2.3. sense
1.2.4. aplication point
1.3. composition of forces
1.3.1. resulting force, F neta
1.3.1.1. if F neta=0
1.3.1.1.1. body in balance
2. effects of forces
2.1. deformation
2.1.1. hooke's law F=K · Al=K· (l-l0)
2.1.1.1. is the foundation of
2.1.1.1.1. Dynometer: instrument to measure the intensity of the forces
2.2. Alteration of the state in movement
2.2.1. dynamics
2.2.1.1. Newton's laws
2.2.1.1.1. 1ª Newton law: inertia's law
2.2.1.1.2. 2ª Newton law: Fundamental law of dynamics F = m · a
2.2.1.1.3. 3ª Newton law: law of action and reaction
3. simple machines and his functioning
3.1. lever
3.1.1. pulley´s law F· d= R·r
3.1.2. classes
3.1.2.1. first grade
3.1.2.2. second grade
3.1.2.3. third grade
3.2. inclined plain
3.3. pulley
3.3.1. fixed
3.3.2. mobile
3.3.3. polipasto