1. 2.4 Sampling frequency will get generated 1,2,4,8,16 and 32 KHz
2. 2.5 Pass this frequency either through Sample amplifier or sample and hold amplifier
3. 0.2&3,5 .1 Transmission of signal
4. 3.4 Effect of sampling frequency duty cycle
5. 0.0 Concepts Covered
5.1. 0.1 Nyquist Criteria
5.1.1. 0.1.1 Sampling
5.2. 0.2 Role of Sample amplifire
5.3. 0.3 Role of Sample and Hold Amplifier
5.4. 0.4 Duty Cycle of Sampling pulse
5.5. 05 :- Low pass filters of dieffrent orders
5.5.1. 05.1:- Reconsruction
6. 2.0 Process,
6.1. 2.6 The amplified signal will be given to Low pass filter
6.2. 2.1 Select Frequency from Mux
6.3. 2.2 Pass it through frequency divider
6.4. D:- Reconstruction
6.4.1. D.1:- Can be achieved by filters
6.4.1.1. D.1.1:- Passive Filter
6.4.1.1.1. It is potential divider Vout< Vin
6.4.1.2. D.1.2 :- Active Filter
6.4.1.2.1. D.1.2.1 ADVANTAGES:- It offers gain, flatter response, steeper cut of gradient, variable frequency and adjustment, economical
6.4.1.2.2. D.1.2.3:- Order of Filter:- For n order filter , rate of fall = 20 n dB/ decade
7. 3.0 Prerequisite before performing the experiments
7.1. 3.1 Sampling
7.2. 2.3 Select duty cycle
7.3. 3.2 Nyquist Criteria
7.4. 3.3 Aliasing
7.5. 3.5 Concepts of Low pass Filter and orders of filters
8. C:- Sampling Types
8.1. C.1 Ideal Sampling
8.2. C.2:- Natural Sampling
8.3. C.3:- Flat top Sampling
9. 9
10. Tu l
11. 1.2 Six different operating Frequency
12. A.6.2 :- When sampling theorem is not followed, i.e. fs< 2 Fmax.
13. A.5.2 :- Fmax is Nyquiste frequency
14. 4.2 Understand Nyquist criteria and aliasing
15. A.2 Differ from pulse modulation, in aspect of PM transmits limited number of discrete state in predetermined time
16. A.3 Similar to PM as both transmit discrete pulses
17. 4.3. Effect of sample and hold on reconstruction
18. A.4.2.1 So that information can be reproduced
19. A. 6:- ALLIZING EFFECT
20. A. Sampling
20.1. A.1 Used in Analog Communication
20.2. A.5.1 2 Fmax is Nyquiste sampling rate
20.3. A.5 Sampling Theorem:- It states for exact reproduction of information , fs>= 2 Fmax.
20.4. A.4 Defined as, Measuring the value of information signal at predefined time interval
20.4.1. A.4.1 Rate at which sampled is called sampling frequency / rate
20.4.1.1. A.4.1.1 Sampling signal is regular sequence of narrow pulses at delta (t) {t = nTs}
20.4.2. A.4.1.2 Ts is sampling interval and sampling frequency fs = 1/Ts
20.4.2.1. A.6.1 Noise present in signal may produce ALLIZING EFFECT even though theorem is followed
20.4.2.1.1. A.6.1.1 Filters can be used to remove noise signals
20.4.3. A.4.2 Sampling Frequency should be selected on Nyquist Criteria