Earth & Space Science: Universe Study

1. Stars

1.1. Protostar

1.1.1. How a star is born

1.2. Supernova: Star that suddenly increases in brightness bc of an explosion that ejects most of its mass.

1.3. Black hole:

2. Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

2.1. Arranged by: COLOUR - Red stars on right, blue stars on left, others plotted in between. LUMINOSITY - Brightest stars at the top, dimmest stars on the bottom.

3. Sun

3.1. Sun's Layers

3.2. Solar flares:

3.2.1. Coronal mass ejection:

3.3. Solar wind: Sun's constant flow of subatomic particles in all directions.

3.3.1. Aurora Borealis: Combination of (solar wind's) charged particles & atoms/molecules in Earth's atmosphere

4. Planets

4.1. Planet: Celestial body orbiting around a star; is capable of forming spherical shape under weight of its gravity.

4.2. Order of planets/Distance from Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

4.3. Rocky inner planets: Dust & particles bound together by gravity ; Mercury, Venus, Earth Mars.

4.4. Gaseous Planets: Dust & particles bound together by ice; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.