1. Middle of the Hourglass
1.1. My situated contexts
1.1.1. Ecuador
1.1.1.1. Zaruma
1.1.1.1.1. Coregold
1.1.2. Canada
1.1.2.1. British Columbia
1.1.2.1.1. Imperial Metals
1.1.3. Vancouver, BC
1.1.3.1. Headquarters
1.2. Focus Question
1.3. Canada
1.3.1. as a major mining area
1.4. Ecuador
1.4.1. as a developing country
1.4.1.1. politics
1.4.1.1.1. geographic space
2. Top of the Hourglass
2.1. Introduction
2.1.1. Extraction
2.1.1.1. Risk
2.1.1.1.1. Ecological Risk
2.1.1.1.2. Labor Risk
2.1.1.1.3. third party risk
2.1.1.2. Legislation
2.1.1.2.1. environmental governance
2.1.1.2.2. CSR
2.1.1.3. Core/Periphery Relations
2.1.1.3.1. development theory
2.1.2. Hardrock Mining
2.1.2.1. History of gold mining
2.1.2.1.1. colonialism--imperialism
2.1.2.2. What is it? What makes it different from other forms of extraction?
2.1.2.3. Economics?
2.1.3. Development Theory
2.1.3.1. under development: Gunder-Frank
2.1.3.2. Education
2.1.3.2.1. environmental literacy
2.1.3.3. neocolonialsim
2.1.4. Land
2.1.4.1. ownership
2.1.4.1.1. indigenous peoples
2.1.4.2. NIMBY
2.2. Framing Question
3. Bottom of the Hourglass
3.1. Results
3.2. Conclusion
3.3. Further studies
4. Before the Hourglass: Intro
4.1. My concentration journey
4.1.1. personal connections to mining
4.1.2. Studying in Ecuador
4.1.3. Stumbling upon BC
4.2. Life at LC, ENVS major
4.3. My place in this work
4.3.1. not being a part of the community
4.3.1.1. what does this do for the community