1. De tiempo (Time). - Los nexos más usuales que introducen este tipo de oraciones son los siguientes:
1.1. When / as = cuando- When my ex-boyfriend.
1.2. While = mientras (que) - While I was watching TV, the telephone rang.
1.3. As soon as = tan - I’ll phone you as soon as I know the answer.
1.4. pronto como - As soon as he had finished studying, he left.
1.5. The train had left before they got to the Before / after = antes de (que) station
1.6. / después de (que) - She went to the gym after she had done her homework
1.7. Until = hasta (que) - We were waiting until she arrived
2. De contraste. - Los nexos que introducen este tipo de oraciones concesivas son los siguientes.
2.1. Although / even though / though = aunque
2.2. In spite of / Despite = a pesar de
2.3. La diferencia entre ambos nexos es que los primeros van seguidos de una oración (con sujeto y verbo) y los segundos van seguidos de nombre o un verbo sustantivado (en – ing).
2.4. ALTHOUGH / EVEN THOUGH / THOUGH + CLAUSE
2.5. Although he didn’t have money, he bought the most expensive car.
2.6. IN SPITE OF / DESPITE + NOUN / -ING FORM
2.7. In spite of not having money, he bought the most expensive car.
2.8. Despite the rain, we went out for a walk.
3. Reason (Razón). - Podemos expresar la causa mediante los siguientes nexos:
4. Purpose (Propósito). - Con este tipo de oraciones expresamos la finalidad, el por qué alguien hace algo.
4.1. La traducción de todos los nexos va a ser siempre ‘para’. Los nexos y sus usos son:
4.2. To + infinitivo - I went to the university to talk to one of my teachers.
4.3. In order to / - I went to the university in order to talk to one of my so as to teachers. (more formal)
4.4. Este tipo de nexo sólo se usa cuando el sujeto del verbo y el del infinitivo es el mismo.
4.5. So that + can(n’t) /will (won’t) → para referirnos al presente o futuro
4.6. + would(n’t) / could(n’t) → para referirnos al pasado
4.7. For + noun / -ing form - A knife is used for cutting
4.8. In case significa por si acaso
4.9. In case + present → para referirse al presente
4.10. + past → para referirse al pasado
5. Resultado (Result). - Podemos expresar la consecuencia mediante los siguientes nexos:
5.1. So = así que - She was ill so she couldn’t take the exam.
5.2. As a result / therefore = again in September.
5.3. por tanto, como consecuencia - I failed my English test. Therefore, I took it again in September.
5.4. so / such....that = tan........que
5.5. SO + ADJECTIVE / ADVERB + THAT
5.6. The ticket for the concert was so expensive (that) we couldn’t buy it.
5.7. SUCH + (ADJECTIVE) + NOUN THAT
5.8. It is such a big city (that) I always get lost.
