History of Jazz: Chinasa Campoverde

1. Early Jazz

1.1. New Orleans

1.1.1. Musical Characteristics: New Orleans style jazz, also referred to as Dixieland, came to be in 1900. Typically, a front line composed of trumpets, clarinets and trombones would improvise contrasting melodies as dreams, pianos, basses, or tubas kept syncopation behind them

1.1.2. Performers/Composers: Louis Armstrong, Eddie Condon, Earl "Fatha" Hines

1.1.3. Recordings

1.2. Chicago

1.2.1. Musical Characteristics: Chicago style Jazz, which came about almost concurrently to Dixieland, is very similar, yet distinct in more solo play, as well as the addition of the saxophone to the front line

1.2.2. Performers/Composers; Jelly Roll Morton, Muggsy Spanier, Benny Goodman

1.2.3. Recordings

2. Bebop

2.1. Musical Characteristics: Bebop came out in the early 1940s and was an answer to the very regulated and rehearsed style of jazz that swing had become. With its varied rhythms and sopgisticated harmonies, as welll as its use of "hip" slang, bebop was meant to be listened to, not danced to.

2.2. Performers/Composers: Thelonius Monk, Dizzy Gillepsie, Fats Navarro

2.3. Recordings

3. Swing

3.1. Musical Characteristics: the 1920's Swing band took the 5-8 member group of the earlier Jazz bands and grew them to 14-15 members, grouped into three sections : woodwinds, brass, and rhythm. Swing music also differed from earlier jazz in being arranged, and in that all of the sections played their own melodies together as a section

3.2. Performers/Composers: Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway, Count Basie

3.3. Recordings

4. Blues

4.1. Musical Characteristics: Blues came about in 1910 in the United States. Its commonly 12 bars divided into 3 four bar phrases. Common topics for blues songs are the pains of love, loss, and life in general

4.2. Performers/Composers: Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, Muddy Waters, Robert Johnson, BB King

4.3. Recordings

5. Ragtime

5.1. Musical Characteristics: Ragtime flourished from 1890-1915. Pioneered by Scott Joplin, ragtime was piano music played similarly to a marching band style, the right hand playing the melody, while the lefts keeps an "oom-pah" tempo.

5.2. Performers/Composers: Scott Joplin, Joseph Lamb, James Scott

5.3. Recordings

6. Brassbands

6.1. Musical Characteristics: The American Brass Band movement began in the 1850s and endured for the rest of the 19th century. Brass Bands were primarily created by military marching bands, and provided a melody not only to march to, but to encourage battleworn soldiers.

6.2. Performers/Composers; Phillip Sousa, William Bell, Alex Lithgow

6.3. Recordings