1. W1-Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
2. R2- Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.
3. R1- Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.