1. Descriptive text
1.1. Meaning of Descriptive Text Descriptive text is a text that describes a person, place, animal, or thing specifically and clearly.
1.2. The Main Aim of Descriptive Text To describe a person, place, animal, or thing in detail so the reader can imagine it clearly.
1.3. Kinds of Descriptive Text Person Place Animal Thing/Object Tourist attraction Pet Building
1.4. Language Features of Descriptive Text a. Simple present tense b. Adjectives (beautiful, tall, clean) c. Specific participant d. Descriptive words e. Linking verbs (is, has, looks) f. Sensory details g. Action verbs h. Figurative language
1.5. Generic Structure of Descriptive Text a. Identification (Introduces the person, place, animal, or thing) b. Description (Describes the characteristics, appearance, or qualities in detail)
1.6. Example of Descriptive Text My Classroom My classroom is clean and comfortable. It has many tables and chairs for students. There is a whiteboard in front of the class and several pictures on the wall. The classroom also has big windows, so the room is bright and fresh. I like studying in my classroom because it is nice and quiet.
2. 1.Narative Text
2.1. The main aim is to entertain, amuse, and sometimes teach moral lessons to the readers
2.2. Narative Text is a text that tells a story or series of events to entertain the reader
2.3. Kinds of the text:
2.3.1. Fairy tale
2.3.2. Legend
2.3.3. Myth
2.3.4. Fable
2.3.5. Folktale
2.4. Language features : uses past tense ( went, saw, lived) Action verbs ( run, eat, walk) Adjectives ( beautiful, big) and Time conjunction
2.5. Structure:
2.5.1. a. orientation: introduces characters, setting, and time.
2.5.2. b. complication: introduces the problem or conflict
2.5.3. c. resolution: resolves the crisis, resulting in a happy or sad ending
2.5.4. d. re-orientation/coda (optinal): provides a moral lesson or conclusion
2.6. Example
2.6.1. The Lion And The Mouse. Once upon a time, a lion was sleeping in the forest. A mouse ran across his body and woke him up. The lion was angry and wanted to eat the mouse. The moue begged, "please let me go, i will help you someday" the lion laughed but let the mouse go. One day the lion was trapped in a hunter's net. The mouse came and bit the net until te lion was free
3. 2. Procedure Text
3.1. Procedur Text is a the text that explains how to do or make something step by stepstep
3.2. The aim main to tell the reader how to do or make somethings in the correct order
3.3. Kinds of the text: Recipe Manual/Direction Tutorial Instruction Experiment Procedure How to make something How to use something How to do something
3.4. language features: a. Simple present tense b. Imperative sentences (mix, cut, open) c. Action verbs d. Sequencing words (first, next, then, finally) e. Adverbs (slowly, carefully) f. Connectives/conjunctions g. Numbering or bullet points h. Material nouns (water, sugar, flour)
3.5. structure
3.5.1. a. Goal/Aim (Shows the purpose of the procedure) b. Materials/Ingredients (List of tools or ingredients needed) c. Steps/Methods (The sequence of actions or instructions)
3.6. example:
3.6.1. How to Wash Hands Materials: Water Soap Steps: Turn on the tap. Wet your hands with water. Put soap on your hands. Rub your hands carefully for 20 seconds. Rinse your hands with clean water. Dry your hands with a towel.
4. report text
4.1. Report text is a text that gives general information about something based on facts and research.
4.2. The Main Aim of Report Text To inform readers about something generally based on facts and scientific information.
4.3. Kinds of Report Text Animals Plants Natural phenomena Technology Places Objects Social phenomena
4.4. Language Features of Report Text a. Simple present tense b. General nouns c. Technical terms d. Facts and scientific information e. Relational verbs (is, are, have) f. Passive voice g. Action verbs h. Formal language
4.5. Generic Structure of Report Text a. General Classification (General information about the topic) b. Description (Details about characteristics, parts, habits, or qualities)
4.6. example
4.6.1. Example of Report Text Cats Cats are mammals and one of the most popular pets in the world. They belong to the feline family. Cats have soft fur, sharp claws, and good eyesight. They usually eat fish, meat, and cat food. Cats can run fast and climb trees easily. They are active animals and can see well at night.