1. Area
1.1. The Nile
1.1.1. 4000 miles long
1.1.1.1. The Nile river was 4000 miles long
1.1.2. 4000 miles long
1.2. Materials for building
1.2.1. The Nile River provided materials for building
1.3. Transportation and trade
1.3.1. They used the Nile river for transportation and traded there
1.4. Paper making
1.4.1. Papyrus plant near the Nile river, they used it to make paper
1.5. Fresh water
1.5.1. There is fresh water in the Nile river
1.6. Floods
1.6.1. Gift of the Nile
1.6.1.1. leaves behind soil
1.7. Shaped like a lotus flower
1.7.1. lotus flower represents culture
1.8. Worlds longest river
1.8.1. Nile river is really long, 4000 miles
2. Politics
2.1. System of Government
2.1.1. Theocracy was the type of government
2.2. Upper and Lower Egypt United
2.2.1. The ruler of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt so that was the cause of Upper and Lower Egypt uniting
2.3. Prominent Pharaohs
2.3.1. Akhenaten
2.3.1.1. He would push people towards a new religion which was believing in one god.
2.3.2. Cleopatra
2.3.2.1. She used her beauty as an advantage and she was really intelligent
2.3.3. Hatshepsut
2.3.3.1. He ruled for 20 years, she expanded trade and built a lot of temples. She randomly disappeared and many believed that she was murdered by her nephew because he wanted to take her throne.
2.3.4. Khufu
2.3.4.1. He built the largest pyramid
2.3.5. King Tut (Tutankhamun
2.3.5.1. King Tut was very young when he became a Pharaoh, he was 9 and died when he was 18
2.3.6. Ramses II
2.3.6.1. He was sometimes named as "Ramses the Great" because he had power for over 70 years.
3. Religion
3.1. The Afterlife & Weighing of the Heart
3.1.1. The Egyptians loved most of their gods, but they were afraid of the god Ammut. They believed that after death that your heart had to be light to go to the after world, so you had to do good deeds in your life. If you failed to have a light heart Ammut would eat you.
3.2. Mummification
3.2.1. Mummification was when they would preserve a dead body.
3.3. The Creation Myth
3.3.1. Ra was the first God and the sun god, he came out of a lotus flower in the Earth which at the time was just wild oceans and then Ra crated more gods and the human race.
3.4. Ra
3.4.1. Ra has many forms, and he is the god of the sun which is the most important god.
3.5. Osiris
3.5.1. Osiris was a good king, but his brother got jealous of him and killed him by cutting him in pieces and throwing him in the Nile River. Osiris wife put him back together and buried him. Some gods brought him back to life and made him the king of the underworld. His son Hours later killed his father's killer
3.6. Horus
3.6.1. After his dad became king of the underworld Horus had a long fight with Seth and even though he injured his eye he won the battle and became the next king of Egypt.
3.7. Seth
3.7.1. After losing the battle against Hours, he had to go live in the desert which was known to be dangerous.
3.8. Anubis
3.8.1. Anubis was the god of mummification; he would also look after the dead.
4. Social Structure
4.1. The Highest Class
4.1.1. They entrusted their rulers with many responsibilities
4.2. Nobles
4.2.1. Nobles were below pharaohs in status
4.3. The Middle Class
4.3.1. All the skilled workers were in the middle class like doctors.
4.4. The Lowest Class
4.4.1. The slaves and farmers were at the lowest class, it wasn't impossible to move up the social pyramid.
4.5. A Day in the Life of a Woman
4.5.1. Afternoon
4.5.1.1. After she does the laundry she sits down and has lunch with her kids. After that she sends the kids to do something and then she gets the cooking done.
4.5.2. Evening
4.5.2.1. The children bring back honey and she finishes cooking the bread, then her husband comes home to the bread which is their dinner and then then sleep once sun is down
4.6. Viziers and Scribes
4.6.1. Viziers were people who kept government records and made sure taxes were collected
5. Economics
5.1. Agriculture
5.1.1. Agriculture was a main activity and they farmed crops.
5.2. A Day in the Life of a Farmer
5.2.1. They get up and get ready, when they are heading to the farm he stops and gets bread, meat, and beer for lunch. He goes home to a good meal and sees his wife. He eventually goes to sleep.
5.3. Trade
5.3.1. There was no money system in Egypt. Workers were paid by wheat or other products. Trade was really important and they had trade coming in from The red sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Aegean Sea.
5.4. Crafts
5.4.1. Crafts were produced in small shops. Craftsmen were usually making crafts for only wealthy. Colors were made out of items like black was made out of charcoal.
6. Inventions, Ideas, culture
6.1. Hieroglyphics
6.1.1. It was like a writing system. They were animal shaped and it was similar to the current alphabet. It was combined with sounds, signs, pictograms, and ideograms.
6.2. Egyptian Math
6.2.1. Their numbers were different from our current numbers. from 1-9 it has strokes like 1 stroke= 1 and 5 strokes= 5. at 10 it was a upside down U and 100 was a swirl. starting from 1,000-1,000,000 there were objects.
6.3. Building the Pyramids
6.3.1. It was estimated that it took 80 years to make the pyramid at Giza and took about 20,000-30,000 people to make it. For the Great pyramid it was built in 20 years as they say.