1. Bind to cell surface receptor "2nd messenger"
1.1. cAMP
1.1.1. Catacholamines (alpha-2 & B adrenergi)
1.1.2. Anterier pituitary hormones
1.1.2.1. ACTH, FSH, LH &TSH except: GH & prolactin !!
1.1.3. ADH (renal V2- receptor)
1.1.4. Calcitonin & PTH
1.1.5. Glugogon
1.2. cGMP
1.2.1. Atrail natriuretic peptide (ANP)
1.2.2. Nitric Oxide (NO)
1.3. Calcium or phosphatidylinositol (or both)
1.3.1. Ach (Muscrinic)
1.3.2. Catacholamines (alpha-1 adrenergic)
1.3.3. Angitonesin II
1.3.4. ADH (vasopressin): extrarenal V-1 receptors
1.3.4.1. V-1 on blood vessels ( extra renal)
1.3.5. phosphatidylinositol is broken by phospholipase C which give- DAG & IP3=> which both eventually activate Protein kinase C(IP3 activate protein kinase C Indirectly by releasing Ca++ from the ednoplasmic reticulum) #mnemonic: - alpha-1 & V1 - both Ang II & vassopressin on V1 => vasoconstrictors!
1.4. Tyrosin kinase cascade
1.4.1. GH & prolactin
1.4.1.1. also GH & prolactin has other relation that they are both acidophilic cells in anterior pituitary gland (pars distalis)
1.4.2. insulin
1.4.3. Erythropoietin
2. Bind to intracellular receptors "steroid-Thyroid superfamily".
2.1. Steroid Hormones
2.1.1. Mineralocorticoids
2.1.2. Sex hormones
2.1.2.1. Male sex hormone
2.1.2.1.1. androgens
2.1.2.2. Female sex hormones
2.1.2.2.1. Estrogens & Progestins
2.1.3. Glucocorticoids
2.2. Thyroid Hormones "T3 & T4"
2.3. Calcitriol (vit D)
2.3.1. Active form of vit D