1. Contrast
2. Sources
2.1. Reformation
2.1.1. John Calvin
2.1.1.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion (40)
2.1.2. John Hus
2.1.3. John Wycliffe
2.1.3.1. The Morningstar (8)
2.1.4. Martin Luther
2.1.4.1. 95 Theses (19)
2.1.4.2. Hymns 27-35
2.1.5. Schaeffer
2.1.5.1. Reformation Video (5)
2.1.6. Shorter Catechism 151
2.1.7. Ulrich Zwingli
2.1.7.1. (37)
2.1.8. Westminster Confession 79
2.1.9. Fine Arts
2.1.9.1. Art 7
2.1.9.2. Music 6-7
2.1.9.3. Literature
2.1.9.3.1. Shakespeare 9-15
2.1.9.3.2. John Milton
2.1.9.3.3. John Bunyan
2.1.9.3.4. Schaeffer 5
2.2. Renaissance
2.2.1. Dante
2.2.1.1. Inferno
2.2.1.2. Purgatorio
2.2.1.3. Paradisio
2.2.1.4. Il Convivio?
2.2.2. Schaeffer
2.2.2.1. Escape from Reason (105)
2.2.2.2. How Should We Then Live (7)
2.2.2.3. Renaissance Video (3)
2.2.3. ?
2.2.3.1. Appendix A (Reformation 4)
3. Renaissance
3.1. Good
3.1.1. Aquinas - placed more emphasis on nature, which had been neglected
3.2. Man
3.2.1. "Man, as by good or ill deserts, in the exercise of his free choice, he becomes liable to rewarding or punishing Justice:" Dante 10
3.2.2. "The world is indeed as utterly deserted by every virtue as thou declarest to me, and with iniquity is big and covered" Dante Purgatorio 44
3.3. Salvation
3.3.1. All who die in God's grace and friendship, but still imperfectly purified, are indeed assured of their eternal salvation; but after death they undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven" Catholic Catechism, Renaissance 88
3.3.2. "Clear was it then to me, how everywhere in Heaven is Paradise, although the grace of the Supreme Good rains not there in one measure." Divine Comedy Paradise, 13
3.3.3. "all done to death by violence, and sinners up to the last hour; then light from Heaven made us mindful, so that both penitent and pardoning we issued forth from life, at peace with God, who fills our hearts with the desire to see him." Purgatory 16
3.3.4. Predestination
3.3.4.1. "[1] Elect from birth to the joys of Paradise, in contrast with the ill-born, the miscreants of Hell." Puragatory 17
3.4. God
3.4.1. "Mad is he who hopes that our reason can traverse the infinite way which One Substance in Three Persons holds" Divine Comedy Purgatory 12
3.4.2. "The heavens initiate your movements: I do not say all of them" Purgatory 45
3.5. Ethics/Morality
4. Reformation
4.1. 7 Questions
4.1.1. God
4.1.1.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion (41 - 48)
4.1.1.1.1. Creator
4.1.1.1.2. Redeemeer
4.1.1.1.3. "perfection of that righteousness, and wisdom, and virtue" 41
4.1.1.1.4. "God by his power supports and maintains the world which he created. He rules each and all of its parts by his providence." 47
4.1.1.2. Westminster Confession 86-94
4.1.1.2.1. Holy Trinity 86-87
4.1.1.2.2. Predestination 89
4.1.1.2.3. Providence 93
4.1.1.3. Shorter Catechism 151-160
4.1.2. Universe
4.1.2.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion (41-42)
4.1.2.1.1. "The knowledge of God is evident in his creation, and continual rule of the world" 42
4.1.2.2. Westminster Confession 91
4.1.2.2.1. "It pleased God the Father, Son and Holy Ghost, for the manifestation of the glory of His eternal power, wisdom, and goodness, in the beginning, to create... the world, and all things therein.. in the space of six days, and all very good." 91
4.1.2.3. Shorter Catechism 151
4.1.2.3.1. "The work of creation is, God's making all things of nothing, by the word of his power, in the space of six days, and all very good." 151
4.1.2.4. Paradise Lost
4.1.2.4.1. "Instruct me, for Thou know'st; Thou from the first/ Wast present, and with mighty wings outspread/ Dove-like satst brooding on the vast Abyss/ And mad'st it pregnant:" 4
4.1.3. Man
4.1.3.1. Origin
4.1.3.1.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion 46,
4.1.3.1.2. Westminster Confession 91
4.1.3.1.3. Shorter Catechism 151-153
4.1.3.2. Nature
4.1.3.2.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion 41, 42, 46, 49, 50,
4.1.3.2.2. Westminster Confession 96, 104
4.1.3.2.3. Shorter Catechism 151-153
4.1.4. Basis of Ethics/Morality
4.1.4.1. Law
4.1.4.1.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion 52
4.1.4.1.2. Westminster Confession 124
4.1.4.1.3. Shorter Catechism 151-160
4.1.5. Cause of Evil and Suffering
4.1.5.1. Westminster Confession 96
4.1.5.1.1. "Every sin, both original and actual, being a transgression of the righteous law of God, and contrary thereunto, does in its own nature, bring guilt upon the sinner, whereby he is bound over to the wrath of God, and curse of the law, and so made subject to death, with all miseries spiritual, temporal, and eternal. " 97
4.1.5.2. Shorter Catechism 152, 158
4.1.5.2.1. "All mankind by their fall lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made liable to all miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of hell for ever." 152
4.1.5.2.2. "No mere man since the fall is able in this life perfectly to keep the commandments of God, but doth daily break them in thought, word, and deed... Every sin deserveth God's wrath and curse, both in this life, and that which is to come." 158
4.1.5.3. Paradise Lost
4.1.5.3.1. "So stretcht out huge in length the Arch-fiend lay/ Chain'd on the burning Lake, nor ever thence/ Had ris'n or heav'd his head, but that the will/ And high permission of all-ruling Heaven/ Left him at large to his own dark designs,/ That with reiterated crimes he might/ Heap on himself damnation, while he sought/ Evil to others, and enrag'd might see/ How all his malice serv'd but to bring forth/ Infinite goodness, grace and mercy shewn/ On Man by him seduc't, but on himself/ Treble confusion, wrath and vengeance pour'd." 8
4.1.6. After Death
4.1.6.1. Westminster Confession 131
4.1.6.1.1. "The bodies of men, after death, return to dust, and see corruption, but their souls, which neither die nor sleep, having an immortal subsistence, immediately return to God who gave them: the souls of the righteous... are received into the highest heavens... and the souls of the wicked are cast into hell" 131
4.1.6.1.2. "God has appointed a day, wherein He will judge the world, in righteousness" 132
4.1.6.2. Shorter Catechism 154
4.1.6.2.1. "The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness, and do immediately pass into glory;and their bodies, being still united to Christ, do rest in their graves till the resurrection." 154
4.1.7. Meaning of Life/History
4.1.7.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion 52
4.1.7.1.1. "the worship which God originally prescribed is still in force" 52
4.1.7.2. Shorter Catechism 151
4.1.7.2.1. "Man's chief end is to glorify God, and to enjoy Him forever." 151
4.2. Bible
4.2.1. Sola Scriptura
4.2.2. Institutes of the Christian Religion (43 - 44)
4.2.2.1. "The Spirit is Necessary to make certain of the authority of scripture" 43)
4.2.2.2. "All the principles of Godliness are undermined by fanatics who substitute revelations for scripture" 44
4.2.2.3. "Scripture, gathering together the impressions of Deity, which, till then, lay confused in their minds, dissipates the darkness, and shows us the true God clearly"" 42
4.2.3. Westminster Confession 81-83,
4.2.3.1. ""The authority of the Holy Scripture... depends... wholly upon God... the author thereof" 82
4.2.3.2. "The whole counsel of God concerning all things necessary for His own glory, man's salvation, faith and life, is either expressly set down in Scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from Scripture: unto which nothing at any time is to be added, whether by new revelations of the Spirit, or traditions of men." 82
4.2.3.3. The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined... can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture" 83
4.2.4. Shorter Catechism 151
4.2.4.1. "The Word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy Him." 151
4.2.4.2. "The Scriptures principally teach what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of man." 151
4.3. Salvation
4.3.1. Institutes of the Christian Religion 49-63
4.3.1.1. "Christ, by his grace, restored us to salvation" 49
4.3.1.2. "Three things to be chiefly regarded in Christ: His offices of prophet, king and priest" 53
4.3.1.3. Regeneration by Faith: "Repentance not only always follows faith, but is produced by it" 56
4.3.1.4. Justification by Faith: "Faith, which is only the instrument for receiving justification, is ignorantly confounded with Christ, who is the material cause, as well as the author and minister of this [justification]" 59
4.3.1.5. "Eternal Election. By which God has predestined some to salvation and others to destruction." 62
4.3.2. Pilgrim's Progress 11
4.3.2.1. "If we be truly willing to have it, he will bestow it upon us freely. " 11
4.3.3. Shorter Catechism 151-160
4.3.3.1. "The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so was, and continueth to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, for ever." 152
4.3.4. Westminster Confession 98, 102, 103, 108 - 122
4.3.4.1. "the Lord was pleased to make a second [covenant]... wherein He freely offers unto sinners life and salvation by Jesus Christ;requiring of them faith in Him, that they may be saved, and promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto eternal life His Holy Spirit, to make them willing, and able to believe. " 98
4.3.4.2. Christ as Mediator 102
4.3.4.3. Justification 108
4.3.4.4. Adoption 110
4.3.4.5. Sanctification 111
4.3.4.6. Good works 117 - 118
4.3.4.7. More