Cartilage and Joints

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Cartilage and Joints by Mind Map: Cartilage and Joints

1. Elastic Cartilage

1.1. Composition

1.1.1. Ground substance

1.1.2. Cells (1 predom)

1.1.3. EC fibers (2)

1.1.3.1. elastic fibers

1.1.3.2. Col II

1.2. Location (2)

1.2.1. Epiglottis

1.2.2. Auricle (ear)

1.3. Function (2)

1.3.1. resilient force & lots of flexibility

1.3.2. elasticity

1.4. LAB: Elastic Cartilage

1.4.1. H&E stain: how can you the difference bet elastic and hyaline cartilage???

2. Hyaline Cartilage

2.1. Locations in body (5)

2.1.1. costal cartilage

2.1.1.1. costal cartilage

2.1.2. trachea, bronchi of lungs

2.1.3. larynx, nasal cartilage

2.1.4. articular cartilage in synovial joints

2.1.4.1. NO perichondrium surrounding it

2.1.4.2. articular cartilage in synovial joints

2.1.5. fetal skeleton

2.2. Functions of Hyaline Cartilage (4)

2.2.1. structural support

2.2.2. w/stand pressure

2.2.3. slippery

2.2.4. rapid growth

2.3. Composition (3)

2.3.1. Cells (2)

2.3.1.1. Chondrocytes

2.3.1.1.1. Chondrocytes pic

2.3.1.1.2. lacunae

2.3.1.2. Chondroblasts

2.3.1.2.1. Chondroblasts: isogenic/nest groups

2.3.1.2.2. interstitial growth

2.3.2. Ground Substance

2.3.2.1. Types of matrix (2)

2.3.2.1.1. territorial/capsular matrix

2.3.2.1.2. interterritorial matrix

2.3.2.2. Proteoglycans

2.3.2.2.1. proteoglycan subunit

2.3.2.2.2. proteoglycan aggregates

2.3.2.3. Glycoproteins (2)

2.3.2.3.1. Chondronectin

2.3.2.3.2. Chondrocalcin

2.3.3. EC Fibers

2.3.3.1. Col II

2.3.3.2. pericellular capsule

2.4. Development of Cartilage (3-4 steps)

2.4.1. Development of Cartilage

2.5. LAB: Hyaline Cartilage

2.5.1. chondrocyte vs. chondroblasts & perichondrium

2.5.2. Dx characteristics

3. Fibrocartilage

3.1. Lab: fibrocartilage

3.1.1. fibrocartilage has lrg, round cells

3.2. Composition

3.2.1. densely packed COL I

3.2.2. chondrocytes

3.2.3. scant ground sub

3.3. Locations (3)

3.3.1. pubic symphysis

3.3.2. intervertebral discs (2)

3.3.2.1. annulus fibrosis

3.3.2.2. nucleus pulposis

3.3.2.2.1. Herniated Disc

3.3.3. attachment bet tendon & bone

3.3.3.1. Fibrocartilage between tendon and bone

3.4. Functions (3)

3.4.1. cushion / abs impact

3.4.2. tough, resistant but not rigid

3.4.3. lots of 'give'

4. Joints

4.1. Classify

4.1.1. Functional (3)

4.1.1.1. Synarthroses

4.1.1.2. Amphiarthroses

4.1.1.3. Diarthroses

4.1.1.4. pneomic

4.1.1.4.1. SAD Arthur giving roses

4.1.2. Structural (3)

4.1.2.1. Fibrous (3)

4.1.2.1.1. Sutures

4.1.2.1.2. Syndesmoses

4.1.2.1.3. Gomphoses

4.1.2.2. Cartilagenous (2)

4.1.2.2.1. Synchrondoses

4.1.2.2.2. Symphyses

4.1.2.3. Synovial

4.1.2.3.1. Parts of Synovial Joint (5)

4.1.2.3.2. Types of Synovial Joints (6)

4.2. Repair

4.2.1. chondroprogenitor cells

4.2.1.1. punch hold from subchondral bone

4.2.2. continuous movement

4.2.2.1. stimules cartilage formation

4.2.3. repair tissue = fibrocartilage

4.3. Diseases (2)

4.3.1. Osteoarthritis

4.3.1.1. noninflammatory progressive degeneration

4.3.1.2. affects synovial joints

4.3.1.3. fibrillation of articular cartilage

4.3.1.4. proliferation of cartilage at periphery

4.3.1.5. replacement of cartilage spur with bone tissue

4.3.2. Rheumatoid Arthritis

4.3.2.1. inflammatory autoimmune

4.3.2.2. thickened synovial membrane

4.3.2.3. pannus of tissue erodes away cartilage

4.3.2.4. bone fuses across joint

4.4. Joints LAB