Intelligence

1. Definition

1.1. Ability to apply information in a few way, whether information was explicitly taught or "known" innately

1.2. A person may be considered "intelligent" because he is strong in one area (math, for example), but he may struggle in another area not considered important (artistic ability, for example)

2. Tests used to measure...

2.1. Developed over many years

2.2. Measure different areas

2.3. Typically used to determine potential for success in school environments

2.4. Some show more bias than others, in language for example

2.5. Examples...

2.5.1. Stanford-Binet

2.5.2. WISC--III

2.5.3. UNIT

3. How children acquire intelligence...

3.1. Pre-disposed to some degree, for example, having natural eye for art

3.2. Through experience. Students with much exposure to books and vocabulary in early years will have more prior knowledge to connect to new events

3.3. Experiences and/or successes

3.3.1. Nature--some kids are more inclined to persevere in problem solving, which is a factor in connecting current events to previous ones.

3.3.2. Nuture--kids who are supported and/or encouraged (or the opposite) may be hindered to experiment and/or explore. Kids who are "shot down" will not be likely to make themselves vulnerable again.

3.4. Traits or actions that are encouraged by family and culture. For example, views on schooling from "Learning Models in Different Cultures" by Jin Li. People from the Chinese culture feel "human lives would be unthinkable" without knowledge.

4. Theorists

4.1. Spearman

4.2. Cattell

4.3. Gardner

5. Varies by...

5.1. Age

5.2. Experiences

5.3. Environment

5.4. Genetics

5.5. Socio-economic factors

6. Impacted by...

6.1. Culture

6.2. Pre-/post-natal medical care & nutrition

6.3. Parents' education level & interaction

6.4. Possible mental retardation or neurological problems. Even kids with diagnosed medical problems are capable of learning and may be considered intelligent, but they are defined by a different kind of intelligence (which may not be recognized by some people).