Eritrean/Ethiopian Conflict
by Noah Brown
1. ECONOMICS/GEOGRAPHY
2. Ethiopia Annexes Eritrea
2.1. Tries to make Eritrea a province of Ethiopia
2.2. Eritrea = Access to the Red Sea; Access to the Red Sea = Economic Power/Money
3. Eritrean National Identity
3.1. 8th Century - Eritrea is part of the Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum
3.2. Late 8th Century - Aksum disintegrates
3.3. 16th-19th century - Eritrea was held by the Ottoman empire
3.4. 1865-1885 - Eritrea was held by Egypt
3.5. 1885-1941 - Eritrea was held by Italy
3.6. 1941 - British forces occupy Eritrea
3.7. 1962 - Britain decides to make Eritrea a federal component of Ethiopia
3.7.1. In 1962 Ethiopia annexes Eritrea, making it a province; War of Independence begins.
3.7.1.1. 1974 - Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie is overthrown in a military coup.
3.7.1.1.1. 1977-78 - Soviet Advisors and Cuban Troops support Ethiopia
4. Russian Support
4.1. 1977-78 - Soviets ship 50 ships of weapons to Ethiopia
4.1.1. mid-cold war era
4.1.2. Trying to impress other westernized countries
5. Post-Independence War
5.1. 1995 - Eritrean troops invade the Yemeni-held Hanish islands at the mouth of the Red Sea
5.1.1. 1998 - International arbitration awards the Greater Hanish Islands to Yemen and divides the smaller islands among the two countries
5.1.1.1. 1998-2000 - Eritrean/Ethiopian border clashes and escalates to a full scale war, killing 70,000
5.1.1.1.1. 2000 - Eritrean/Ethiopian ceasefire agreement