1. Work with a translator
2. Ch 3 TC and Electronic Technologies
2.1. Technology
2.1.1. Creating Documents using Tech HTW entry, use of Pictures and animation PG 395
2.1.1.1. Word Processing
2.1.1.1.1. Ability to edit, revise, different templates, tables, charts, and its easier to share documents over the internet, etc
2.1.1.2. Presenting Software
2.1.1.2.1. PowerPoint ETC
2.1.1.3. Graphics and Imaging Software
2.1.1.3.1. Photoshop
2.1.1.4. Web-Authored Software
2.1.1.4.1. Web Design (HTML, XML)
2.1.1.5. Desktop Publishing Software
2.1.1.5.1. Adobe InDesign
2.1.1.6. Help and E-Learning Software
2.1.1.6.1. "Documentation Professionals" or online help system creators
2.1.1.7. Single Source Programs
2.1.1.7.1. Using the same or similar style manual to write for a different product or manual. helps eliminate errors.
2.2. Communicating and Collaborating
2.2.1. Internet
2.2.2. The World Wide Web
2.2.2.1. HTML, server based, collection of sites on the internet
2.2.2.2. Access to info
2.2.2.3. Storage of info on servers/sites
2.2.2.4. Multimedia use, visuals
2.2.2.5. Transmission of data, easier access
2.2.2.6. Collaboration over distances
2.2.3. Email, HTW Pg 162
2.2.3.1. Considered extremely important and quick
2.2.3.1.1. Cheap price, Convenient, Organization is simple
2.2.4. Ethics
2.2.4.1. Netiquette
2.2.4.1.1. Making sure that your using clean and clear language, don't butt into others discussions, respectful email address name, bandwith is kept lowish, organize your emails, and ensure that your not posting anything discriminate.
2.2.5. Electronic Messaging
2.2.5.1. IM's, chat rooms
2.2.6. Video Conferencing
2.2.7. Groupware
2.2.7.1. WebCT, Blackboard etc
2.3. The Future of Workplace Writing and Computer Technology
2.3.1. Wireless Technology (Wi-Fi)
2.3.2. Faster Bandwith
2.3.3. Integration and Portability
2.3.4. Prices
2.3.5. Transnationalism HTW Pg 228, Global Communication
3. Ch 5 Technical Communication in a Transnational World
3.1. Learning about Differences
3.1.1. Language
3.1.1.1. Target Language
3.1.1.1.1. Work with translators, language textbooks, and audio tools (Rosetta Stone for example)
3.1.1.2. National Languages
3.1.1.2.1. translating a document for legal reasons, time saving
3.1.1.3. International English
3.1.1.3.1. Not precise... People have different dialects and uses for English. use regional as primary language
3.1.1.4. Text Directionality
3.1.1.4.1. Not always left to right, then down. Knowing how the target audience reads is key
3.1.1.5. Writing Style
3.1.1.5.1. Understanding other countries writing styles are important... work with translators to help with accuracy and flow.
3.1.2. Technology
3.1.2.1. Do other countries have same technology access as you? Use common tech ground for support
3.1.2.2. Machine translation
3.1.2.2.1. translates into other languages, but is limited by design
3.1.3. Education
3.1.3.1. Literacy
3.1.3.2. Common Body of Knowledge
3.1.3.3. Learning Style
3.1.4. Politics
3.1.4.1. trade Issues
3.1.4.2. Legal Issues
3.1.4.3. Political traditions and symbols
3.1.4.3.1. forms of Govt, voting rights, significant dates (4th of July for ex), flags, natl docs, and symbols
3.1.5. Economy
3.1.5.1. Currency Values and exchange rates, how much people are willing to spend on items, and how they view spending
3.1.6. Society
3.1.6.1. Age
3.1.6.2. Business Etiquette
3.1.6.3. Family and social interaction
3.1.7. Religion
3.1.7.1. Can effect govt and law, whether to use pictures of their religion, or food intake is restrictive
3.2. Avoiding Stereotypes
3.2.1. Avoid Assumptions
3.2.2. Ask Questions. Figure out what is acceptable in anothers culture, before meeting with a client
3.3. Enhancing translation
3.3.1. Terminology
3.3.1.1. Specialized terms don't always transfer
3.3.2. Clarity
3.3.2.1. avoid using Idioms, accronyms, ambiguous antecendents, synonyms, etc
3.3.3. Cultural and Rhetorical Differences
3.3.3.1. Avoid Jokes and idiomatic expressions- might not understand or viewed as inappropriate HTW 248
3.3.4. Design
3.3.4.1. Organizing the documents, clearly organized. Other languages require 30% more room to say the same thing, so design is key
3.4. Accomodating Transnational Audiences
3.4.1. Localization
3.4.1.1. Adapting a product for a specific local audience
3.4.1.1.1. General localization
3.4.1.1.2. radical localization
3.4.1.2. Benefits
3.4.1.2.1. Improves local sales
3.4.1.2.2. overcomes cultural differences
3.4.1.2.3. Overcoming inherent differences
3.4.1.2.4. Reaching the world markets and entering global niche markets
3.4.2. internationalization
3.4.2.1. Developing software that can be adapted to transnational audiences without changing the core software design
3.4.2.2. Localizing document for context
3.4.3. Globalization
3.4.3.1. Creating a document that is understood or used by many across the globe. Using visual documentation for "everyone" to understand
3.4.4. Verbal Communication
3.4.4.1. Talking is still needed to communicate with natives
3.4.4.1.1. Speak slowly and enunciate
3.4.4.1.2. Face to Face conversations... body language key
3.4.4.1.3. Avoid Noisy locations
3.4.4.1.4. Use as simple terms as possible
3.4.5. Transnational Ethics
3.4.5.1. Universal Ethics?
3.4.5.2. How do other countries address ethical issues?
3.4.5.3. Does the target cultures business people treat foriegn business people differently?
3.4.5.4. Does target country have different ethical traditions?
3.4.5.5. Do religion affect their ethical approach?
3.4.5.6. Do business practices affect their ethical understanding?
3.4.5.7. Industry specific ethics?
3.5. Guidelines for Writing for Transnational Audiences
3.5.1. Write Clearly
3.5.1.1. Punctuation
3.5.1.2. Avoid Pronouns HTW 405
3.5.1.3. Consistent terminology
3.5.1.4. Avoid Comparitives
3.5.1.5. Avoid idiomatic language
3.5.1.6. Definitive language
3.5.2. Localize your writing
3.5.2.1. Alphabetic differences
3.5.2.2. Local number system HTW 352
3.5.2.3. Time differences
3.5.2.4. avoid holiday references
3.5.2.5. Avoid Cultural Differences
3.5.2.6. Avoid Humor
3.5.3. Account for Visual and Auditory perceptions
3.5.3.1. Consider Visual Interpretations
3.5.3.2. Avoid images of people and hand gestures
3.5.3.3. Reevaluate design elements and principles
3.5.3.4. Account for differences in sound interpretation
4. Ch 2 Rhetoric and Technical Communication
4.1. Workplace Problems
4.1.1. Percieved Problems
4.1.2. Real Problems
4.1.2.1. Deals with the PSA. Plan, Research, Draft, Review and Distribute
4.1.2.1.1. New node
4.1.3. New node
4.2. Rhetorical Problems
4.2.1. Rhetorical Problems are often work related issues
4.2.1.1. Exigency
4.2.1.1.1. An event or situation that needs to be solved, often involving documents to help solve the issue
4.2.1.2. Workplace Writer
4.2.1.2.1. Someone to write a document that identifies and offers a solution to fix the issue, and uses the proper type of document and context to fix the issue.
4.2.1.3. Audience
4.2.1.3.1. Being able to properly read the document, and fix the issue at hand
4.3. Resolving Workplace Problems
4.3.1. http://www.ehow.com/how_3820_resolve-conflicts-work.html
4.4. Rhetorical Writing
4.4.1. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/625/01/
4.5. Context Writing
4.5.1. http://www.as.wvu.edu/~lbrady/context.html
4.6. Writing for an Audience
4.6.1. http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/processes/audmod/pop2c.cfm
5. Ch 4 Ethics and the Workplace Writer
5.1. What is Ethics?
5.1.1. Metaethics
5.1.1.1. Universal set of ethics? Religious? Emotional reasons?
5.1.2. Normatic ethics
5.1.2.1. Right and wrong, behavior
5.1.3. Applied ethics
5.1.3.1. Real world ramifications to decisions
5.2. Ethics and the Workplace Writer
5.2.1. think more clearly and more sensitively
5.2.2. Allows us to articulate our beliefs and values
5.2.3. Studying ethics allows for advancement in our ethical thinking
5.3. Ethical Guidelines and Law infringement
5.3.1. Liability Laws
5.3.1.1. Who is responsible for defective products, injury etc
5.3.2. Enviromenal Laws
5.3.2.1. Hiding environmental info that is possibly dangerous to the environment or habitat.
5.3.3. Copyright Laws
5.3.4. Patent Laws
5.3.5. Trademark and Service Mark Laws
5.3.6. Contract Laws
5.4. Ethical Guidelines
5.4.1. Honesty
5.4.1.1. Don't present false information, especially if its damaging to others, environment, health
5.4.2. Respect Confidentiality
5.5. Ethics in Context
5.5.1. Situation and Perspective
5.5.1.1. Purpose? Audience and the affect it will have? Authority? ramifications? Limits to what is conveyed? environmental affect? response? these questions need to be addressed while typing up a document on a situation.
5.5.2. Circulation
5.5.2.1. Circulation of potentially unethical documents (the iPhone hack, FEMA)
5.5.3. Revising and Editing
5.5.3.1. Make sure others know your intentions while revising others work, whether the infor is made obscure or ambiguous
5.6. Code of Ethics
5.6.1. Company policies to help employees through difficult situations in the workplace
5.7. Ethics and Technology
5.7.1. 4 principle factors, behavior online
5.7.1.1. Laws, Govt imposed
5.7.1.2. Social Norms, "normalcy"
5.7.1.3. The marketplace- Ebay, Amazon
5.7.1.4. Architecture- how we get places online
5.7.2. Email
5.7.2.1. its never private, can be accessed by more than just the intended target
5.7.3. Websites
5.7.3.1. Where you get your info, whether its good, or if its false
5.7.4. Visual
5.7.4.1. Doctored pictures, video, polls
5.7.5. Environmental ethics
5.7.5.1. do the actions we take affect the world around us?
5.7.5.2. How does our actions affect the length and quality of others' lives?
5.7.5.3. possible compromises?
5.7.5.4. do other parts of the environments have rights also?
5.7.6. Avoiding unethical Writing
5.7.6.1. avoid Deceptive or evasive language
5.7.6.2. Dont Obscure or misprepresent the issue, or facts
5.7.6.2.1. Abstract language
5.7.6.2.2. Jargon
5.7.6.2.3. Emphasis or suppression of Information
5.7.6.2.4. Visual Rhetoric
5.7.6.2.5. Plagiarism
5.7.6.2.6. Innacurate Information
5.8. Business Ethics
5.8.1. http://humanresources.about.com/od/businessethics/Business_Ethics.htm
5.9. Teaching ethics
5.9.1. http://www.teachingcollegeenglish.com/category/businesstech-writing/
5.10. Ethics
5.10.1. http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v8n2/writing.html
6. Ch 7 Organizing and Drafting Documents
6.1. Predrafting Strategies PSA
6.1.1. Confirm your purpose
6.1.1.1. hope to accomplish?
6.1.1.2. What should readers do after reading?
6.1.1.3. What info should be conveyed?
6.1.2. Analyze your audience
6.1.2.1. Expertise?
6.1.2.2. Education?
6.1.2.3. Cultural Differences?
6.1.2.4. Attitude
6.1.2.5. expectations
6.1.2.6. Context
6.1.3. Gather info
6.1.3.1. PSA approach
6.1.4. Develop ideas on the info
6.1.4.1. Collaboration and Discussion
6.1.4.2. Listing
6.1.4.3. Freewriting
6.1.4.4. Clustering
6.1.5. Organize info
6.1.5.1. Purpose
6.1.5.2. Audience
6.1.5.3. Logic
6.1.5.4. Ethics
6.1.5.5. sequential
6.1.5.6. chronological
6.1.5.7. Order of importance
6.1.5.8. General/specific
6.1.5.8.1. General info, to more specific
6.1.5.9. Division
6.1.5.9.1. dividing into smaller parts to work through
6.1.5.10. Classification
6.1.5.11. Cause and effect
6.1.5.11.1. Studies on causes
6.1.5.11.2. reports detailing impacts
6.1.5.11.3. memos on something that led to policy changes
6.1.5.11.4. a set of instructions explaining how something will happen if misused
6.1.5.12. Compare/contrast
6.1.5.12.1. attempt to determine which road to take, comparison of the whole, or part by part consideration
6.1.5.13. Spatial
6.1.5.13.1. helpful for physical space or objects, schematics projections or other visual representations
6.1.5.14. Outline important ideas
6.1.5.14.1. how the info flows logically
6.1.5.14.2. divide the label parts of the document
6.1.5.14.3. how you develo transitions between parts of the document
6.2. Writing the Draft, parts of a document
6.2.1. Title
6.2.2. Cover image
6.2.3. Date
6.2.4. Byline
6.2.5. Table of contents HTW 519
6.2.6. List of figures
6.2.7. exective summary/abstract
6.2.8. materials, parts, or tools lists
6.2.9. Inside and return lists
6.2.10. Definitions
6.2.11. alerts and warnings
6.2.12. intro
6.2.13. Procedures
6.2.13.1. Body section
6.2.14. Data
6.2.15. Steps
6.2.16. Conclusions HTW 93
6.2.16.1. end matter
6.2.17. addl info
6.2.18. troubleshooting suggestions
6.2.19. Addl warnings or alerts
6.2.20. recommendations
6.2.21. indexes
6.2.22. appendixes HTW 34
6.2.23. glossaries
6.2.24. contact info
6.2.25. follow up info
6.3. Nonlinear process, Writing the Draft
6.3.1. Front matter, body, and end matter
6.3.2. Statement of purpose
6.3.3. info that supports purpose of the document
6.3.4. Strong conclusions and recommendations
6.4. Writing the Draft, drafting the body
6.4.1. Coverage and length
6.4.2. Organization and access
6.5. Writing the Draft, drafting the conclusion
6.5.1. summary of info
6.5.2. analytic predictions based on info
6.5.3. Recommendations on how the reader should act
6.5.4. judgement about the info
6.6. drafting the intro
6.6.1. Purpose/objective
6.6.1.1. Convince the audience
6.6.1.2. provide direction
6.6.1.3. offer info
6.6.1.4. initiate action
6.6.2. scope
6.6.2.1. what is to be covered in the document
6.6.3. Statement of the problem
6.6.4. relevant background info
6.6.5. Key terms
6.6.6. Overview of organization
6.6.7. Summary
6.7. Electronic templates and Wizards
6.7.1. Templates for memos, resumes etc
6.7.2. Wizards help the user through a series of dialog boxes