Introduction to Computers

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Introduction to Computers by Mind Map: Introduction to Computers

1. Computer Software

1.1. Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

1.1.1. System Software

1.1.1.1. Operating system

1.1.1.2. Utility program

1.1.2. Application Software

1.2. Installingis the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

1.3. A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

2. Categories of Computers

2.1. Personal computers

2.1.1. A personal computercan perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

2.1.2. Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple

2.1.2.1. Desktop computer

2.2. Mobile computers and mobile devices

2.2.1. Mobile Computer

2.2.1.1. Personal computer you can carry from place to place

2.2.1.1.1. Notebook computer

2.2.2. Mobile Device

2.2.2.1. Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

2.2.2.1.1. PDA

2.3. Game consoles

2.3.1. A game consoleis a mobile computing device designed for single‐player or multiplayer video games

2.4. Servers

2.4.1. A servercontrols access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

2.4.1.1. Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

2.5. Mainframes

2.5.1. A mainframeis a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

2.6. Supercomputers

2.6.1. A supercomputeris the fastest, most powerful computer

2.6.1.1. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

2.7. Embedded computers

2.7.1. An embedded computeris a special‐purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

2.7.1.1. Consumer Electronics

2.7.1.1.1. Mobile and digital telephones

2.7.1.2. Home Automation Devices

2.7.1.2.1. Thermostats

2.7.1.3. Automobiles

2.7.1.3.1. Antilock brakes

2.7.1.4. Process Controllers and Robotics

2.7.1.4.1. Remote monitoring systems

2.7.1.5. Computer Devices and Office Machines

2.7.1.5.1. Keyboards

3. Elements of an Information System

3.1. Hardware

3.2. Software

3.3. Data

3.4. People

3.5. Procedures

4. Examples of Computer Usage

4.1. Home User

4.1.1. Personal financial management

4.1.2. Communications

4.2. Small Office/Home Office User

4.2.1. Look up information

4.2.2. Send and receive e‐mail messages

4.3. Mobile User

4.3.1. Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet

4.3.2. Transfer information

4.4. Power User

4.4.1. Work with multimedia

4.4.2. Use industry‐specific software

4.5. Enterprise User

4.5.1. Communicate among employees

4.5.2. Process high volumes of transactions

5. Computer Applications in Society

5.1. Education

5.2. Finance

5.3. Government

5.4. Health Care

5.5. Science

5.6. Publishing

5.7. Travel

5.8. Manufacturing

6. Summary

6.1. Basic computer concepts

6.2. Components of a computer

6.3. Networks, the Internet, and computer software

6.4. Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society

7. Objectives Overview

7.1. Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today’s world

7.2. Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information

7.3. Describe the five components of a computer

7.4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers

7.5. Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network

7.6. Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

7.7. Distinguish between system software and application software

7.8. Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category

7.9. Describe the role of each element in an information system

7.10. Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers

7.11. Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing

8. A World of Computers

8.1. Computers are everywhere

9. What Is a Computer?

9.1. A computeris an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

10. The Components of a Computer

10.1. A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware

10.1.1. Input Device

10.1.1.1. Web cam

10.1.2. Output Device

10.1.2.1. Printer

10.1.3. System Units

10.1.3.1. Process memmory

10.1.4. storage Device

10.1.4.1. Card reader

10.1.5. Communications Device

10.1.5.1. Modem

11. Networks and the Internet

11.1. A networkis a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

11.2. The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

11.3. People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

11.3.1. Communicate

11.3.2. Research and Access Information

11.3.3. Shop

11.3.4. Bank and Invest

11.3.5. Online Trading

11.3.6. Entertainment

11.3.7. Download Music

11.3.8. Share Videos

11.3.9. Web Application

12. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

12.1. Advantages of Using Computers

12.1.1. Speed

12.1.2. Reliability

12.1.3. Consistency

12.1.4. Storage

12.1.5. Communications

12.2. Disadvantages of Using Computers

12.2.1. Health Risks

12.2.2. Violation of Privacy

12.2.3. Public Safety

12.2.4. Impact on Labor Force

12.2.5. Impact on Environment