Conceptualization of phonetics, phonology, phonemes and speech sounds

1. Phonetis is the study and clasificaton of the speech sounds in human's daily live

1.1. Examples

1.2. Pronunciation of "z" and "s"

1.3. Phonetic skills Vowels are short when followed by two consonants. For example, "jump", "last", and "mint"

1.4. Phonetic transcription: The English word "church" can be transcribed as /tʃɝːtʃ/ or /crc/

1.5. Phonetic symbols: The phonetic symbol "aɪ" is a diphthong used to represent the sound of "ay"

1.6. Syllables: In the word "cat" (/kaet/), "/k/" is the onset, "/ae/" is the nucleus, and "/t/" is the coda.

2. Phonology is the system of contrastive relationships among the speech sounds that constitute the fundamental components of a language

2.1. Examples

2.2. mire /maɪə/ and mile /maɪl/.

2.3. bad /bæd/ and bed /bɛd/.

2.4. crowd /kraʊd/ and cloud /klaʊd/

2.5. rock /rɒk/ and lock /lɒk/.

2.6. the British English dialect does not pronounce the /r/ in words like 'car' [ka:]

3. Speech sounds are the sounds we use in words. If we use the right sounds in the right order then people can understand what we are saying

3.1. Examples

3.2. Back sounds: K, G, and NG are made towards the back of the mouth.

3.3. Flow sounds: F, V, TH, S, Z, SH, and H are used in English

3.4. Glide sounds: R, L, W, and Y are made when articulators move

3.5. Lip sounds: P, B, and M are made with both lips pressed together. W is made with lips rounded

3.6. Stop sounds: P, B, T, D, K, and G are used in English.

4. Phonemes are the perceptually distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another

4.1. Examples

4.2. Dog: The word "dog" has three phonemes: /d/ /o/ /g

4.3. Chair: The word "chair" has three phonemes: /ch/, /a/, /r/

4.4. Charm: The word "charm" has three phonemes: /ch/ /ar/ /m/

4.5. Sit: The word "sit" has three phonemes: /s/, /i/, /t/

4.6. Light: The word "light" has three phonemes: /l/ /ie/ /t/