1. DNA
1.1. CONTENTS
1.1.1. 4 DEOXYNUCLEOTIDES
1.1.1.1. deoxyadenylate
1.1.1.2. deoxyguanylate
1.1.1.3. deoxycytidylate
1.1.1.4. Thymidylate
1.2. Characteristics
1.2.1. Uses deoxyribose
1.2.2. Uses thymine as one of its pyrimidine component
1.2.3. Exists as a double strand
1.2.4. Nucleotides are paired. Its guanine content is equal to that of cytosine and adenine to thymine
1.2.5. Cannot be hydrolyzed due to the absence of a 2’ hydroxyl group of DNA
1.3. Nucleotide Pairings
1.3.1. Deoxyadenynosine
1.3.2. Thymidine
1.3.3. Deoxyguanosine
1.3.4. Deoxycytidine
2. RNA
2.1. Classes
2.1.1. Messenger RNA -most heterogenous in abundance and size -serves as a template on which a specific sequence of amino acids is polymerized to form specific protein molecule
2.1.2. Transfer RNA -serves as adapters for the translation of the info. In the seqeunce of nucleotides of the mRNA into specific amino cids. -at least 20 species of tRNA in a cell
2.1.3. Ribosomal RNA -a cytoplasmic nucleoprotein structure that acts as the machinery for the synthesis of proteins from the mRNA templates.
2.1.4. Small RNA -discrete, highly conserved and small RNA are found in eukaryotic cells
2.2. Characteristics
2.2.1. Uses ribose
2.2.2. Uses Uracil as one of its pyrimidine component
2.2.3. Exists as a single strand
2.2.4. Due to it’s single strand existence, guanine is not necessarily equal to cytosine and adenine to that of uracil
2.2.5. Can be hydrolyzed by alkali 2’,3’ cyclic diesters of the mononucleotides