1.1. Otto Rank a major representative of the psychoanalytic direction of psychological science, one of the closest students of Z. Freud, a tireless researcher, author of the psychoanalytic theory of birth trauma, teacher, doctor of sciences.
1.2. Franz Alexander An influential American psychoanalyst and physician of Hungarian origin, one of the world's largest researchers in the field of psychosomatics, founder of the Chicago Psychoanalytic Society, author of important scientific works is Franz Gabriel Alexander.
1.3. Karl Jaspers The world famous psychiatrist, psychologist, philosopher of German origin, one of the largest representatives of the existential direction of philosophy and psychology - Karl Jaspers.
4.1. The main goal of psychological science, which determines its essence, is the cognition of the mental in all its manifestations in our life: from elementary mental acts (sensations) to the personality and her behavior.
