Coronary Artery Disease(CAD)

1. Chronic ischemic heart disease

1.1. chronic stable angina(Angina pectoris)

1.1.1. Treatment Of Chronic Stable angina

1.1.1.1. Non pharmacologic methods

1.1.1.1.1. . smoking cessation and stress reduction 3 . regular exercise 4 . limiting dietary intake of cholesterol and saturated fats 5 . weight reduction if obesity is present 6 . avoidance of cold or other stresses that produce vasoconstriction

1.1.1.2. Pharmacologic agents

1.1.1.2.1. Short and long acting nitrates

1.1.1.2.2. beta blockers

1.1.1.3. Coronary Interventions

1.1.1.3.1. coronary angioplasty and stent implantation

1.1.1.3.2. CABG is usually indicated in patients with double or triple vessel disease

1.2. silent myocardial ischemia

1.2.1. without anginal pain.

1.3. variant angina(prinzmetal angina)

1.3.1. It is caused by

1.3.1.1. coronory artery spasm

1.3.2. Usually occurs

1.3.2.1. during rest or with minimal exercise and frequently occurs nocturnally

1.3.3. when the pain is severe

1.3.3.1. Arrhythmias often occur when the pain is

2. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS)

2.1. unstable angina

2.2. Non-ST-segment elevation MI

2.3. ST-segment elevation MI (heart attack)

2.3.1. Transmural infarcts

2.3.1.1. Full thickness

2.3.1.2. Commonly - obstructive of single artery

2.3.2. Subendocardial infarcts

2.3.2.1. 1/3 to 1/2 of ventricular

2.3.2.2. Commonly - presence of severely narrowed arteries

2.3.3. Immediate reperfusion

2.3.3.1. Fibrinolytic therapy

2.3.3.2. Percutaneous coronary intervention

2.3.3.3. Coronary artery bypass grafting