1. Cardiac Cycle
1.1. Atrial Systole/Ventricular Diastole
1.1.1. blood flows passively into ventricles
1.1.2. remaining 30% of blood pushed into ventricles
1.1.3. A-V valves open/semilunar valves close
1.1.4. ventricles relaxed ventricular pressure increases
1.2. Ventricular Systole/Atrial Diastole
1.2.1. A-V valves close
1.2.2. chordae tendinae prevent cusps of valves from bulging too far into atria
1.2.3. atria relaxed and blood flows into atria
1.2.4. ventricular pressure increases and opens semilunar valves
1.2.5. blood flows into pulmonary trunk and aorta
2. Heart Sounds
2.1. Lubb
2.1.1. first heart sound
2.1.2. occurs during ventricular systole
2.1.3. A-V valves closing
2.2. Dupp
2.2.1. second heart sound
2.2.2. occurs during ventricular diastole
2.2.3. pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closing
3. Heart Overview
3.1. Size
3.1.1. 14cm long
3.1.2. 9 cm wide
3.2. Location
3.2.1. in thoracic cavity
3.2.2. posterior to sternum
3.2.3. medial to lungs
3.2.4. anterior to vertebral column
4. Parts of the Heart
4.1. Coverings of the Heart
4.1.1. Pericardium
4.1.1.1. Fibrous
4.1.1.1.1. protects the heart
4.1.1.1.2. anchors it to surrounding structures
4.1.1.1.3. prevents overfilling of the heart with blood
4.1.1.2. Serous
4.1.1.2.1. Parietal
4.1.1.2.2. Visceral
4.2. Wall of the Heart
4.2.1. Epicardium
4.2.1.1. forms a protective outer covering
4.2.1.2. serous fluid
4.2.2. Myocardium
4.2.2.1. cardiac muscle tissue separated by connective tissue
4.2.2.2. contracts to pump blood from heart chamber
4.2.3. Endocardium
4.2.3.1. membrane of epithelium and connective tissue
4.2.3.2. forms a protective inner lining of the chambers and valves
4.3. Heart chambers
4.3.1. Right atrium
4.3.1.1. receives blood from
4.3.1.1.1. inferior vena cava
4.3.1.1.2. superior vena cava
4.3.1.1.3. coronoary sinus
4.3.2. Left atrium
4.3.2.1. receives blood from
4.3.2.1.1. pulmonary veins
4.3.3. Right ventricle
4.3.3.1. receives blood from
4.3.3.1.1. right atrium
4.3.4. Left Ventricle
4.3.4.1. receives blood from
4.3.4.1.1. left atrium
4.4. Heart Valves
4.4.1. Tricuspid
4.4.1.1. right atrioventricular orifice
4.4.2. Pulmonary
4.4.2.1. entrance to pulmonary trunk
4.4.3. Mitral
4.4.3.1. left atrioventricular orifice
4.4.4. Aortic
4.4.4.1. entrance to aorta
5. Path of Blood
5.1. Blood from systemic circuit
5.1.1. venae cavae
5.1.1.1. right atrium
5.1.1.1.1. right ventricle
6. Blood Supply to Heart
6.1. Aorta
6.1.1. Right Coronary Artery
6.1.1.1. Posterior interventricular artery
6.1.1.1.1. Ventricular Walls
6.1.1.2. Marginal Artery
6.1.1.2.1. Walls of right chambers
6.1.2. Left Coronary Artery
6.1.2.1. Circumflex artery
6.1.2.1.1. Walls of left chambers
6.1.2.2. Anterior interventricular artery
6.1.2.2.1. Ventricular Walls