PRESENT PERFECT

1. PREPOSITIONS FOR & SINCE

1.1. "FOR" A Period of Time

1.1.1. I have worked here for 8 years.

1.1.2. You have played football for ten years

1.1.3. We have taught at this school for a long time

1.2. "SINCE" A Specific Date or Time in the Past

1.2.1. He has lived here since 1993

1.2.2. The Tv has been on since five o´clock

1.2.3. I haven´t smoked since june

2. ADVERBS

2.1. Just (Done Very recently)

2.1.1. In from of the verb

2.1.1.1. He has just arrived

2.2. Already (Done)

2.2.1. In from of the verbs

2.2.1.1. We have already played soccer

2.3. Yet "Question" (Done?)

2.3.1. At the end of the sentence

2.3.1.1. Have they entered the cinema yet?

2.4. Yet "Negative"(Not Done)

2.4.1. At the end of the sentence

2.4.1.1. I haven't eaten eggs yet

2.5. Ever (Done Before?)

2.5.1. In from of the verb

2.5.1.1. Have you ever been to Spain?

2.6. Never (Not done before)

2.6.1. In from of the verb

2.6.1.1. She has never studied English.

3. USES

3.1. Finished Actions (Past event - Present result)

3.1.1. She has lost her wallet. (She can´t fin it)

3.2. Unfinished Actions (Duration from Past until Now)

3.2.1. I have lived in Paris for five years.

3.3. Life Experiences

3.3.1. Have you ever eaten Sushi before?

3.4. Accomplishments

3.4.1. Man has walked on the Moon.

3.5. Changes Over Time

3.5.1. I have become more interested in medica issues.

3.6. Multiple Actions at Different Times

3.6.1. I have seen David several times.

4. STRUCTURE

4.1. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES. Subject+have/has+Past Participle+Rest of Sentences.

4.1.1. I have talked to Peter.

4.1.2. She has gone to work.

4.1.3. We´ve been to London.

4.2. NEGATIVE SENTENCES. Subject+have/has+Not+Past Participle+Rest of Sentences.

4.2.1. I haven´t talked to Peter.

4.2.2. She hasen´t gone to work.

4.2.3. We haven´t been to London.

4.3. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

4.3.1. YES/NOT QUESTIONS Have/has+Subject+Past Participle+Rest of Sentences?

4.3.1.1. Have you travel to Paris?

4.3.1.2. Has it rined all day?

4.3.1.3. Have they spoken to yours parents?

4.3.2. INFORMATION QUESTIONS Question Word + have/has + subject +Past Participle+Rest of Sentences?

4.3.2.1. How long have you been in the room?

4.3.2.2. What have they seen?

4.3.2.3. Who has traveled to Paris?