Atom

1. nucleus

1.1. neutron

1.1.1. The neutron is a neutral subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. The neutron is a subatomic particle with a mass of 1 and charge of 0. Neutrons are found with protons in the atomic nucleus. While the number of protons in a atom determines its element, the number of neutrons determines its isotope.

1.1.1.1. d

1.2. proton

1.2.1. A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive charge.

1.2.1.1. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

1.2.1.1.1. Isotopes are atoms of an element with the normal number of protons and electrons , but different numbers of neutrons.

1.3. proton plus neutron

1.3.1. a nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, considered in its role as a component of an atomic nucleus.

2. electron

2.1. Electrons are one of three main types of particles that make up the atom. They are extremely small and have an electric charge of −1. All atoms have the same number of electrons as protons.

2.1.1. On the other hand, when an atom gains an electron, it contains more electrons than protons and therefore has a negative charge. ... Atoms that have different number of protons but the same number of electrons are referred to as isoelectronic atoms.

3. orbital

3.1. Orbital, in chemistry and physics, a mathematical expression, called a wave function, that describes properties characteristic of no more than two electrons in the vicinity of an atomic nucleus or of a system of nuclei as in a molecule.