1. Aims and Principles
1.1. To protect upcoming generations from the Scourge of wars
1.2. To maintain international peace
1.3. To develop friendly relations among nations
1.4. To create faith in human rights
1.5. To promote social congress
1.6. To harmonise and coordinate the actions of nations.
2. PRINCIPAL ORGANS
2.1. Genral assembly
2.1.1. Members of the UN are members of the General assembly. The assembly meets once a year in September.
2.1.1.1. To promote international cooperation
2.1.1.2. Recieve and Consider reports from Security Council and other UN organs
2.1.1.3. Consider and approve budget of the UN
2.1.1.4. Elect non permanent members to the Security Council
2.1.1.5. Appoint secretary general on recommendations of the Security Council
2.1.1.6. To amend the charter by the vote of 2/3 of the members
2.1.1.7. To deal with the problems in case the security Council can't reach a decision
2.2. Security Council
2.2.1. THE SECURITY COUNCIL IS THE EXECUTIVE WING OF THE UN. IT CONSISTS OF 15 MEMBERS. AMOG 15 5 ARE PERMANENT MEMBERS (CHINA, FRANCE,RUSSIA, BRITAIN AND USA). THE PERMANENT MEMBERS HAVE A SPECIAL VOTE CALLED VETO. MEETINGS ARE HELD ONCE A MONTH.
2.2.1.1. Investigation of any dispute
2.2.1.2. Seeks a solution by negotiation, meditation,or any other peaceful means.
2.2.1.3. When none peaceful means succeed it may apply economic sanction against the aggressor.
2.2.1.3.1. It means to have no trade relations with that country.all diplomatic relations are to be stopped.
2.2.1.4. If non of above actions succeed then it will do a measure called collective security
2.2.1.4.1. It means it will take a military action with support and cooperation of all members.
2.2.1.5. New members are admitted by 2\3 of vote of the general assembly.
2.2.1.6. It participates in the election of international court of justice.
2.3. International Court of Justice
2.3.1. It consists of 15 judges who are elected for a 9 year term. No country is legally bound to accept the verdict of the court.
2.3.1.1. Settles disputes related to international treaties.
2.3.1.2. Jurisdiction covers all cases that the parties refer.
2.3.1.3. General assembly or security Council may seek advice from the court.
2.3.1.4. Court has codified the international laws.
2.4. Economic and social council
2.5. Trusteeship council
2.6. The Secratriat
2.6.1. It comprises the secretary general and other such staffs as the UN may require. Secretary general is appointed for a term of 5 years. He is the chief administrative officer of the UN. Antonio Guterres is the current secretary general.
3. UN'S Major Agencies
3.1. (UNICEF) UN'S CHILDREN EMERGENCY FUND
3.1.1. to render assistance in providing protective foods like milk,meat,fish and fats to the children.
3.1.2. Provide funds for the training of health & sanitation workers.
3.1.3. Supply paper to publish textbooks & literature related to children.
3.1.4. Universal child immunisation against preventable diseases was one of the leading roles of UNICEF
3.1.5. Extend support to programmes such as suppression of trafficing in women & children.
3.2. (WHO) WORLD HEALTH ORG.
3.2.1. Works to provide medical information & coordinates research in the field of health.
3.2.2. Makes efforts to bring improvement in nutrition ,housing, sanitation & working conditions.
3.2.3. Assists projects to provide safe drinking water.
3.2.4. Helps in fighting diseases in the world.
3.3. (UNESCO) UN'S EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL SERVICES.
3.3.1. Aims at promoting education,provides grants to teachers & scholars & information through bulletins,journals & exhibition.
3.3.2. Development of a library system is an important component of continuing education.
3.3.2.1. Delhi Public library was established in 1951 with financial assistance from UNESCO.
3.3.3. Encourages research in social sciences & plays a vital role in propogating knowledge about human rights. It provides aid for the protection of world heritage sites.
4. When great politicians saw this they thought of making an Organization for helping in maintaining peace this gave rise to the UN.
5. In 20th Century introduction to world wars - WORLD WAR 1 (1914-1918). WORLD WAR 2 (1939-1945).
5.1. London Declaration of June 1941 proposed to establish an effective organization to maintain World peace and security
5.2. World war 2 was termed as the most horrible war happened ever .
5.3. It left 50 million people dead
6. Rise of UN
6.1. On 24 sept near Washington,USA, the first blueprint of UN was formed.
6.2. In San Francisco,the UN Charter was signed by 50 Nations on 26 June 1945.
6.2.1. Charter came into force on 24 Oct 1945.
6.3. By the end of 2014 the membership of 51 countries increased to 193.
6.3.1. The headquarters of the UN is in NEW YORK.
6.3.2. Charter came into force on 24 Oct 1945.
6.3.3. UN FLAG IS LIGHT BLUE IN COLOUR ,portrayed in white .it's centre has un emblem with olive branches