1. The Mediterranean World
1.1. Europe civilization began thousands year ago, on the shores of the mediterranean sea.
1.2. The mediterranean sea environment had everything necessary to large number of people
1.3. The climate of the mediterranean sea is neither to hot or to cold and plenty of rainfall and sunshine
1.3.1. This meant that plant had long growing time
1.3.2. A lot of food is produced
1.4. The population grew rapidly and town were formed
1.5. The Mediterranean sea itself formed a transportation route.
1.5.1. That encourage people to to travel widely to trade and learn
1.6. the two important Europe civilization were Greece and Rome
1.7. Greek made advances in art ,architecture,drama literature , medicine and science
1.8. Alexander the Great conquered the many lands and spread Greek culture as far east as India.
1.9. The Greek empire weakened and fell to the Roman empire to the Roman about 150 B.C.E
1.9.1. because they admired the accomplishment of the Greeks.
1.10. They gathered thinkers and builder from asia,eastern Europe and the Middle East.
1.11. developing such systems as aqueducts to deliver running water, road networks
1.12. The roman Legion were so powerful that the Roman empire at it peak controlled controlled Europe, south east Asia and northern Africa
1.13. For more then 6 centuries, and the Mediterranean world and the Roman Empire were really one and the same
2. The Romans
2.1. Under the Romans, western European culture flourished like never before
2.2. They built great cities decorated with works of art, magnificent gardens, arenas,public baths, and theatre.
2.3. The Romans admired the achievements of the ancient Greek .
2.3.1. so the Romans copied and developed Greek arts and architecture
2.4. Latin provided a common language for the whole empire
2.5. some Canadian laws are based from Roman laws
2.6. Roman developed a code of laws for all the peoples they ruled
2.7. Roman laws protected people form wars and violent
2.8. The Pax Roman, or Roman peace encourage trade and the exchanges of ideas
2.9. of course price was paid :Rome demands taxes, slaves and submission from all the lands it controlled
2.10. The Fall of Rome
2.11. Mediterranean world was shocked by the new city of Rome.
2.11.1. conquered by Goths,
2.11.1.1. Germanic people
2.12. The Roman Empire ,which had once stretched from iran to scotland and from upper egypt to the north sea, had collapse.
2.12.1. Only the eastern Roman Empire with it capital in Constantinople remained strong
2.13. historian disagree about why Roman fell
2.14. Dome believe that civilization have a life span and that they eventually grow old and die , almost like living things
2.15. Angles,Saxons,Jutes,Goths,vandals,Lombards and the Franks
2.16. After the Fall
2.17. the accomplishment of the romans were lost for centuries
2.18. the roman culture survived in isolated monasteries and distant lands
2.19. centuries later everything the romans accomplished would be reborn in various forms
2.20. germanic people moved into roman provinces
2.21. Roman had been in contact with Germanic people to the north and east
2.21.1. these people were known barbarians
2.22. roman would've been called barbarous
2.22.1. barbarous
2.23. western europe slipped into an age of chaos and savagery
2.23.1. savagery
2.24. the glory of rome became a memory, strangely, a dream for the future
2.25. the turmoil lasted from 476C.E when the last roman emperor lost his power to 800.
2.26. Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne emperor of the romans
2.26.1. Charlemagne and Pope Leo III
3. The Franks
3.1. Roman Legion withdrew from western Europe, fought wars and established settlements
3.2. The franks conquered much of the Roman province of Gaul(now France) in the late fourth and early fifth centuries
3.3. although the Franks are farmer they love making war
3.4. Franks weapon in war a weapon throw axe called francisca.
3.5. both men and women were fond of jewelry and both genders had long hair
3.6. "frank"meant free
3.7. "Franchise" the english word for the right to vote.
3.8. The Laws Of The Franks
3.9. they are germanic people who had their own legal code
3.9.1. Salic Code
3.10. property was stolen , person was injured or killed a fine called wergild had to be paid
3.10.1. wergild
3.10.2. the family could refuse and want the murder death instead of the fine
3.11. if a relation of the victim took revenge by killing the murder, the law did not hold him or her responsible
3.12. Everyday life among the life
3.13. 60% of the people are serfs, or peasants, people who worked the land on their lords manor or estate
3.14. serfs were farmers, the serfs were at mercy of the weather
3.15. Merchants often tried raising prices when food was scarce
3.16. The lords and rulers could steal serf's crops at any time
4. Charlemagne
4.1. Charlemagne came in power in western Europe in 768C.E
4.2. Charlmagne was very interested in rebuilding civilization and he had the intelligence and power to do so
4.3. Charlemagne expanded the Merovingian Empire in every direction
4.4. He was crowned Emperor of the Romans By Pope Leo III
4.4.1. Pope Leo III
4.5. after a long war with the saxon in northwest Germany
4.6. Charlemangne defeated them and insisted that they convert to Chirstianity
4.7. When the saxon leader refused to Chirstianity Charelamagne ordered his soldiers to kill about 4000 saxon in a single day
5. The Anglo Saxon and The Celts
5.1. Britian was invaded by a different group
5.2. Soon large numbers of these Germanic invaders began to settle inBritain
5.3. Germanic people puched the Celts into Wales,Cornwell, Scotland, and arcoss the sea of Ireland
5.4. The Celts had once been a powerful people,inhabiting much of Europe, from Spain all the way to southern Russia
5.5. The Celt languagedisappeared from the seven kingdoms
5.5.1. established by the invaders, whobecame known as the Anglo-Saxons, or English
5.6. Anglo-Saxons England
5.6.1. The Anglo-Saxons, like the Franks, were farmers
5.6.2. They lived in small villages, and men andwomen shared the hard work of agriculture between them
5.6.3. Like other Germanic people, the Anglo-Saxons had the skilled metal workers
5.6.4. Great storytellers who created wonderful epics, such as Beowulf
5.6.4.1. epic
5.6.5. Anglo-Saxons England, like CarolingianFrance, suffered from devastating Viking raids
5.6.6. Alfred the Great, lost many battles with the Vikings
5.6.6.1. Alfred the Great
5.6.7. Alfred left England united and prosperous
5.6.7.1. Prosperous
5.6.8. Viking invaders until the time of William the Conqueror
5.7. The Pivotal Role of the Irish
5.7.1. The Celts, who had settled on the western and northern edge of the British Isles
5.7.2. They fought in bloody battles,kept slaves, and made human sacrifices
5.7.3. Irish monks played a critical role in training missionaries and in spreading Christianity
5.7.4. They travelled through Scotland, England, and then Europe, spreading knowledge and Christianity
6. The Vikings
6.1. The year 855
6.1.1. a Viking force attacked and pludered Paris