Introduction to Computers

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Introduction to Computers by Mind Map: Introduction to Computers

1. The Components of a Computer

1.1. A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as "hardware"

1.1.1. Input Device

1.1.1.1. Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

1.1.2. Output Device

1.1.2.1. Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

1.1.3. System Unit

1.1.3.1. Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

1.1.4. Storage Device

1.1.4.1. Holds data, instructions, and information for future use

1.1.5. Communications Device

1.1.5.1. Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information and from one or more computers or mobile devices

2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers

2.1. Advantage of Using Coputers

2.1.1. Speed

2.1.2. Reliability

2.1.3. Consistency

2.1.4. Storage

2.1.5. Communications

2.2. Disadvantages of Using Computers

2.2.1. Health Risks

2.2.2. Violation of Privacy

2.2.3. Public Safety

2.2.4. Impact on Labor Force

2.2.5. Impact on Environment

2.3. "Green computing" involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

2.4. Strategies include : – Recycling – Regulating manufacturing processes – Extending the life of computers – Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

3. Networks and the Internet

3.1. A "network" is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media

3.2. The "Internet" is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

3.3. People use the Internet for a variety of reasons

3.3.1. Communicate

3.3.2. Research and Access Information

3.3.3. Shop

3.3.4. Bank and Invest

3.3.5. Online Trading

3.3.6. Entertainment

3.3.7. Download Music

3.3.8. Share Videos

3.3.9. Web Application

3.4. A "social networking Web site" encourages members to share their interests with other registered users

4. Computer Software

4.1. "Software", also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

4.1.1. System Software

4.1.1.1. Operating system

4.1.1.2. Utility program

4.1.2. Application Software

4.2. "Installing" is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

4.3. A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

5. Servers

5.1. A "server" controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

5.1.1. Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

6. Mainframes

6.1. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

7. Supercomputers

7.1. A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer

7.1.1. Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second

8. Computer Applications in Society

8.1. Education

8.2. Finance

8.3. Government

8.4. Health Care

8.5. Science

8.6. Publishing

8.7. Travel

8.8. Manufacturing

9. Summary

9.1. Basic computer concepts

9.2. Components of a computer

10. A World of Computers

10.1. Computers are everywhere

11. What Is a Computer?

11.1. A "computer" is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

11.1.1. Information Processing Cycle

11.1.1.1. Collects >> Processing >> Produces data information (input) (output)

12. Categories of Computers

12.1. Personal computers >> Mobile computers and mobile devices >> Game consoles >> Servers >> Mainframes >> Supercomputers >> Embedded computers

13. Personal Computers

13.1. A "personal computer" can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

13.2. Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple

13.2.1. Desktop computer

14. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

14.1. Mobile Computer

14.1.1. Personal computer you can carry from place to Computer

14.1.1.1. Notebook computer

14.1.1.2. laptop computers

14.1.1.3. Tablet PCs

14.2. Mobile Device

14.2.1. Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

14.2.1.1. smart phones

14.2.1.2. PDAs

14.2.1.3. handheld computers

14.2.1.4. portable media players

14.2.1.5. digital cameras

15. Game Consoles

15.1. A "game console" is a mobile computing device designed for single‐player or multiplayer video games

15.2. A "server" controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

16. Embedded Computers

16.1. Consumer Electronics

16.1.1. Mobile and digital telephones

16.1.2. Digital televisions

16.1.3. Cameras

16.1.4. Video recorders

16.1.5. DVD players and recorders

16.1.6. Answering machines

16.2. Home Automation Devices

16.2.1. Thermostats

16.2.2. Sprinkling systems

16.2.3. Security monitoring systems

16.2.4. Appliances

16.2.5. Lights

16.3. Automobiles

16.3.1. Antilock brakes

16.3.2. Engine control modules

16.3.3. Airbag controller

16.3.4. Cruise control

16.4. Process Controllers and Robotics

16.4.1. Remote systemsmonitoring

16.4.2. Power monitors

16.4.3. Machine controllers

16.4.4. Medical devices

16.5. Computer Devices and Office Machines

16.5.1. Keyboards

16.5.2. Printers

16.5.3. Faxes

16.5.4. Copiers

17. Elements of an Information System

17.1. Hardware

17.2. Software

17.3. Data

17.4. People

17.5. Procedures