The Russian Revolution

1. Leon Trotsky was Lenin's most importan colleague

2. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

2.1. Lenin was convinced there was no need for a foreign policy because non-communists states were doomed.

2.2. Lenin made peace with Germany in 1918. Russia lost huge areas of its territory under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

3. May 1918, fighting between the Red Guard (Bolsheviks) and the Whites (Mensheviks).

3.1. The start of a civil war.

3.2. British, French, Americans and Japanese sent forces to fight the Bolsheviks.

3.3. Leon Trotsky, Bolshevik leader, organised the Red Army effectively, while the Whites were divided among themselves.

3.4. Foreign armies began to retire in 1919

4. 1920, civil war was over and the winners were the Bolsheviks.

5. An organisation called the Cominterm was set up by the Bolsheviks in1919, this to encourage other revolutionary countries.

6. Lenin died in 1924

6.1. Stalin took control of the Soviet Union

6.1.1. Turn the Soviet Union into a powerful industrial country.

6.2. Leon Trotsky went into exile in 1927.

7. The Tsar Nicholas II was ruling Russia in 1917

7.1. Ha had ruled since 1894

7.2. There were no limits to his power as he was an autocrat.

8. 1905: Russia lost a war against Japan.

9. Nicholas II created a parliament called "Duma", but it wasn't efficient and it had very little real power.

10. After the Tsar was no longer in charge . .

10.1. The Duma set up a provisional government

10.2. Workers and soldiers establish in Petrograd a governing committee called "soviets".

11. Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks, who wanted to overthrow the provisional government.

11.1. The Bolsheviks was a group of communists among the revolutionaries.

11.2. Lenin returned from his exile in Siberia to Petrograd in April 1917

11.3. On November Bolshevik fighters seized power in Petrograd.