1. Nitrogen-containing compounds
1.1. N2O- Nitrous oxide
1.1.1. Gas emitted by bacterial action
1.1.2. Extremely inert in atmosphere, that why it resided a lot of time
1.2. NO- Nitric Oxide
1.2.1. Is a very toxic gas, has no smell
1.2.2. NO is result of combustion of fossil fuels, te amount generated depends of the amount of oxigen
1.3. NO2-
1.3.1. It naturally formed through lightnings and as resolute of burning fossil fuels
1.3.2. NO2 in the atmosphere creates acid rain
1.3.3. Has the ability to decompose in the atmosphere into NO and O, the O molecule forms bad ozone
1.4. Ammonia
1.4.1. It's generated by animal wastes and has a shot residence time in the atmosphere, about 10 days
1.4.2. It helps in the nitrification-denitrification process that creates other nitrogen oxides
1.5. N2- pure nitrogen
1.5.1. This is an extremely stable form of nitrogen
1.5.2. Is the mos abundant gas in the atmosphere
2. Sulfur-containing compounds
2.1. H_2S Hydrogen Sulfide
2.1.1. Rotten egg odor and toxic
2.1.2. Oil and gas industry, petroleum and natural gas. a byproduct of purification of natural gas
2.1.3. Hot Springs and deep ocean.
2.2. CH_3SCH_3 Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS)
2.2.1. 40% of total sulfur
2.2.2. Reacts with -OH to form OCS and SO_2
2.2.3. Produced in ocean by benthic organisms
2.3. OCS Carbonyl sulfide
2.3.1. Most abundant sulfur
2.3.2. 7 years of lifetime
2.3.3. From oceans, volcanoes and sea vents
2.4. SO_2 Sulfur dioxide
2.4.1. Burning fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions
2.4.2. reaction chain: 2SO_2 + O_2 ---> 2SO_3
2.4.3. SO_3+H_2O --->H_2SO_4
2.4.4. one week of lifetime and highly toxic
2.5. CS_2 Carbon disulfide
3. Carbon-containing compounds
3.1. Methane (CH4)
3.1.1. The most abundant in atmosphere
3.1.2. The production is between 37 and 45ºC
3.1.3. 30% is attributed to natural sources
3.1.4. Fossil fuels,, agriculture, landfill and the burning of biomass
3.2. Carbon monoxide (CO)
3.2.1. The chemica-life is 30 to 90 days in the troposphere
3.2.2. Origin
3.2.2.1. Technological processes (combustion and industrial processes), biomass burning and methane oxidation
3.2.3. 2/3 comes from anthropogenic activities.
3.2.4. Is more common in the Northern Hemisphere
3.3. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
3.3.1. Is the most important of the hydrocarbons
3.3.2. Closely related to climate variability
3.3.3. The lifetime depends on the rates of removal and release
3.3.4. Consequence of respiration,biomass and fossil-fuel combustions
3.3.5. The release rate is higher than the removal rate due to anthropogenic activities.
3.4. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
3.4.1. 600 different compounds in VOC mixture emissions
3.4.1.1. Ethane Ethene Acetylene Propane Propene Butane /i-B Pentane/i-PentaneHeptane
3.4.1.2. Heptane Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Acetone
3.4.2. Motor vehicles evaporations and the use of solvent
4. Halogen-containing compounds (not a biogeochemical cycle)
4.1. Wide variety of anthropogenic sources
4.1.1. Refrigerants
4.1.2. Propellants
4.1.3. Solvents
4.2. Types
4.2.1. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
4.2.2. Hydrocholorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
4.2.3. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
4.2.4. Halons
4.2.4.1. Bromine containing compounds
4.2.4.2. Fire extinguishing agents
5. Other Compounds
5.1. Ozone
5.1.1. Good Ozone - Stratosphere
5.1.2. Bad Ozone - Troposphere
5.1.3. Main component that creates Ozone: NO2
5.2. Aerosols
5.2.1. Particular Matter
5.2.1.1. Dust
5.2.1.2. Sea Spray
5.2.2. Fine solid or liquid gas
5.2.3. Essential to atmosphere
5.2.3.1. Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN)