1. THEORY
1.1. BASED ON UNDERLYING BASIC PHYSIC
1.1.1. GRAVITY!
1.2. LIQUID EMULSION
1.2.1. HEATING IS USED
2. INTRO
2.1. IS A KEY UNIT IN ACHIEVING THE REQUIRED EXPORT SPECIFICATION IN AN OIL AND GAS PROCESS
3. SETUP
3.1. TO UNDERSTAND THE SETUP OF SEPARATOR
3.2. AS AN ENGINEER
3.2.1. AWARE OF THE VESSEL SETTING
3.2.1.1. VESSEL
3.2.1.1.1. LANHH (HIGH LIQUID LEVEL TRIP)
3.2.1.1.2. LAH (HIGH LIQUID LEVEL ALARM)
3.2.1.1.3. NLL (NORMAL LIQUID LEVEL)
3.2.1.1.4. LAL (LOW LIQUID LEVEL ALARM)
3.3. STEPS TO SET-UP
3.3.1. 1. VESSELS
3.3.2. 2. SIZING
3.3.3. 4. RESIDENCE TIMES
3.3.4. 3.VAPOR AREA
3.3.5. 5. WEIR WEIGHT AND POSITION
3.3.6. 6. LIQUID INTERFACE LEVEL
3.3.7. 7. SURGE VOLUME
3.3.8. 8. NOZZLE SIZING
4. SIZING
4.1. CAN BE LONG
4.1.1. L
4.2. CAN BE SHORT
4.3. DIAMETER RATIO
4.3.1. 2/5
5. VAPOUR AREA
5.1. TO ENSURE ADEQUATE VAPOR AREA EXISTS
5.2. FLOWRATES OCCURS IN HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONS
5.2.1. IT MUST BE CALCULATED
5.2.1.1. INTO CONSIDERATION THE LENGTH OF THE VESSEL
5.2.1.2. APPLIES A DE-RATING FACTOR
5.2.1.2.1. TO RELATE THE TERMINAL VELOCITY TO HORIZONTAL FLOW
6. RESIDENCE TIME
6.1. THE TIME THAT LIQUID STAYS IN THE VESSELS
6.2. CONSIDERATION WHEN SPECIFYING RESIDENCE TIME
6.2.1. OIL SETTING TIME
6.2.1.1. TO ALLOW ADEQUATE WATER REMOVAL FROM THE OIL
6.2.2. WATER SETTLING TIME
6.2.2.1. TO ALLOW ADEQUATE OIL REMOVAL FROM THE WATER
6.3. RESIDENCE TIMES FOR LIQUID-LIQUID SEPARATION ARE GENERALLY THE LIMITING FACTOR IN SELECTING LEVEL SETTINGS
7. WEIR HEIGHT AND POSITION
7.1. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION TO ACHIEVE THE BEST SEPARATION
7.2. PREVENTS WATER FROM ENTERING OIL STREAMS
7.3. WATER LAYER OF AN OIL DROPLET CAN BE CALCULATED
8. LIQUID INTERFACE LEVEL
8.1. WITH WEIR HEIGHT KNOWN HIGH INTERFACE LEVEL CAN BE SET
8.1.1. TYPICALLY 100MM BELOW WEIR
8.2. USING TERMINAL VELOCITIES
8.2.1. THE RISE OF OIL LAYER CAN BE CALCULATED TOO!
9. SURGE VOLUMES
9.1. A PROCESS UPSET USUALLY CAUSED BY A LIQUID SLUG INTO THE VESSEL
10. NOZZLE SIZING
10.1. IT IS IMPORTANT TO PREVENT EXCESSIVE MOMENTUM FROM DISRUPTING SEPARATIOM
10.2. HAVE AT LEAST THE SAME DIAMETER AS THE CONNECTING LINE
11. OPTIMIZATION
11.1. ISSUES WITH SIZING
11.1.1. NUMBER OF CRITERIA THAT MUST BE MET TO ENSURE CORRECT SEPATION
11.1.2. PREVENT OVERSIZING THE VESSEL
11.1.3. VARIABLES SHOULD BE ALTERED
11.1.3.1. DIAMETER
11.1.3.2. LENGTH
11.1.3.3. WEIR POSITION
11.1.3.4. LEVEL SETTING
11.2. ENGINEER USE TOOLS
11.2.1. MSExcel
11.2.1.1. OPTIMISES DIMENSIONS