1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1.1. Learning Outcome
1.1.1. Autotroph
1.1.1.1. classify autotroph
1.1.1.1.1. photoautotroph
1.1.2. Light-dependent reactions
1.1.2.1. explain
1.1.2.1.1. photoactivation of chlorophyll
1.1.2.1.2. the cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
1.1.3. Light-independent reactions
1.1.3.1. Calvin cycle
1.1.3.2. photorespiration
1.1.3.3. describe the anatomical structure
1.1.3.4. explain carbon dioxide fixation
2. CELLULAR RESPIRATION
2.1. Learning Outcome
2.1.1. The need for energy in living
2.1.1.1. describe the structure of the energy carriers
2.1.1.1.1. ATP
2.1.1.1.2. NADH
2.1.1.1.3. FADH
2.1.1.2. the importance of energy
2.1.2. Aerobic respiration
2.1.2.1. stages of aerobic respiration
2.1.2.2. location in the cells
2.1.3. Anaerobic respiration
2.1.3.1. explain the anaerobic respiration
2.1.3.1.1. yeast
2.1.3.1.2. muscle cells
2.1.3.2. describe the applications in food industries
3. INHERITANCE AND GENETIC CONTROL
3.1. DNA replication
3.1.1. explain the experiments to prove DNA is the genetic material
3.1.2. explain the three models of DNA replication
3.1.3. explain the mechanism of DNA replication
3.2. Gene expression
3.2.1. explain the characteristics of genetic code
3.2.2. describe transcription and translation
3.3. Mutation
3.3.1. describe the different types of gene mutation
3.3.2. describe the four structural changes in chromosomes
3.3.3. describe the changes in chromosome number
4. GENE TECHNOLOGY
4.1. explain recombinant DNA technology
4.2. Diffrentiate
4.2.1. genomic and cDNA cloning
4.2.2. genomic and cDNA libraries
4.3. describe the restriction enzyme
4.4. explain
4.4.1. reverse transcription
4.4.2. insertion
4.4.3. ligation
4.4.4. transformation/transduction
4.4.5. amplification
4.4.6. screening
4.5. describe the steps involved in genomic andcDNA cloning
5. STRUCTURE OF CELL AND ORGANELLES
5.1. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
5.2. compare the structures
5.3. compare typical animal and plant cells
6. MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT
6.1. Learning Outcome
6.1.1. Fluid mosaic model
6.1.1.1. describe the structure of a membrane
6.1.1.2. explain the roles
7. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
7.1. Carbohydrates
7.1.1. Learning Outcome
7.1.1.1. Classify
7.1.1.1.1. Monosaccharide
7.1.1.1.2. Polysaccharide
7.1.1.1.3. Disaccharide
7.2. Lipids
7.2.1. Learning Outcome
7.2.1.1. Describe
7.2.1.1.1. Structure
7.2.1.1.2. Properties
7.2.1.1.3. Distribution
7.2.1.1.4. Diffrentiate
7.3. Nucleic acid
7.3.1. Learning Outcome
7.3.1.1. describe the structures of nucleotides
7.4. Proteins
7.4.1. Learning Outcome
7.4.1.1. classify amino acids
7.4.1.2. describe the structure of an amino acid
7.4.1.3. explain the properties of protein
7.4.1.4. classify proteins according to their structures, compositions
7.4.1.5. differentiate the various levels of organisation of protein structure
7.4.1.6. explain the denaturation and renaturation of protein