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Chemistry by Mind Map: Chemistry

1. Periodic Table

1.1. Families

1.1.1. Halogens

1.1.2. Noble Gases

1.1.3. Alkali Metals

1.1.4. Alkaline Earth Metals

1.1.5. Metalloids (transition metals)

1.2. Metals

1.2.1. examples: Sodium, Nickel, Potassium

1.3. Non-Metals

1.3.1. ex: carbon, oxygen, phosphorus

1.4. Metalloids

1.4.1. ex: boron, silicon, arsenic

2. Diagrams

2.1. Bohr

2.1.1. shells

2.2. Lewis

2.2.1. only valence electrons

3. Compounds

3.1. Ionic

3.1.1. form when electrons are transferred between elements

3.1.2. metal and non-metal

3.1.2.1. change metal ending to "ide"

3.1.3. criss cross for formula

3.1.4. Lithium Nitride (Li3N)

3.2. Molecular

3.2.1. between non metal elements

3.2.2. no ions formed

3.2.3. covalent is another term

3.2.4. add prefixes and end of 2nd to "ide"

3.2.5. dinitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5)

4. Equations

4.1. word

4.1.1. magnesium chloride + lithium -> magnesium + lithium chloride

4.2. skeleton

4.2.1. 1MgCl2 + 2Li -> 1Mg + 2LiCl

4.3. balancing

4.3.1. Br2 + AlI3 -> AlBr3 + I2

4.3.2. 3Br2 + 2AlI3 -> 2AlBr3 3I2

5. Scientific Method

5.1. question -> think -> plan -> observe -> analyze -> conclusion -> question...

5.2. hypothesis

5.2.1. if..., then..., because...,

5.3. observations

5.3.1. qualitative

5.3.2. quantitative

5.4. inference

6. Matter

6.1. made of particles

6.2. everything with mass and volume

6.3. pure substances

6.3.1. element

6.3.2. compound

6.4. mixtures

6.4.1. solution

6.4.2. heterogenous

7. Changes

7.1. Physical

7.1.1. particles rearranged

7.1.2. changes of state

7.1.3. Examples: shattering glass, cutting paper

7.2. Chemical

7.2.1. hints

7.2.1.1. colour change

7.2.1.2. energy given off (heat or light)

7.2.1.3. gas bubbles form

7.2.1.4. solid forms in liquid

7.2.1.5. irreversible

7.2.2. new particles formed

7.2.3. examples: burning leaves, rotting garbage

8. Particles

8.1. the smallest bit of something

8.2. pure substance = same particles

8.3. have energy

8.4. always moving

8.5. Solids, liquids, gases

8.5.1. solids=no spaces

8.5.2. liquids=small spaces

8.5.3. gases=very large spaces, spread out

9. Atoms & Molecules

9.1. protons

9.1.1. positive charge

9.2. neutrons

9.2.1. neutral charge

9.3. electrons

9.3.1. negative charge

9.4. standard atomic notation

10. Diatomic Elements

10.1. HOFBrINCl

10.2. formula is written as molecules

11. Ions

11.1. charged particles

11.2. Polyatomic

11.2.1. "blobs of non metals" stable with a charge

11.2.2. list on back of Periodic Table

12. Acids

12.1. molecular compounds named like ionic compounds

12.2. form like ions in water

12.3. increase amount of hydrogen ions (H+)

12.4. example: HCl (hydrochloric acid)

12.5. conduct electricity well

12.6. sour tasting

12.7. corrosive

12.8. reactive with many substances

13. Bases

13.1. ionic and named as so

13.2. increase amount of hydroxide (OH-)

13.3. Alkaline (another word)

13.4. bitter tasting

13.5. feel slippery

13.6. react with proteins

14. Chemical Reactions

14.1. reactants

14.1.1. before reaction

14.2. products

14.2.1. after reaction

14.3. Conservation of Mass

14.3.1. total mass of reactants = total mass of products

14.4. Classifying Reactions

14.4.1. Synthesis

14.4.1.1. A+B-> AB

14.4.1.2. putting things together

14.4.2. Decomposition

14.4.2.1. AB -> A+B

14.4.2.2. things coming apart

14.4.3. Single Displacement

14.4.3.1. one element butts in

14.4.3.2. A+BC -> AC+B

14.4.4. Double Displacement

14.4.4.1. elements swap partners

14.4.4.2. AB+CD -> AC+BD

14.4.5. Acid/Base Neutralization

14.4.5.1. elements swap partners

14.4.5.2. acid+base -> water+salt

14.4.6. Combustion

14.4.6.1. hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

14.4.6.2. complete combustion

14.4.6.2.1. fuel + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

15. Indicators

15.1. red litmus

15.2. blue litmus

15.3. universal

15.4. PhenolP

15.5. BromoB