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Chemistry by Mind Map: Chemistry

1. Periodic Table

1.1. Families

1.1.1. Halogens

1.1.2. Noble Gases

1.1.3. Alkali Metals

1.1.4. Alkaline Earth Metals

1.1.5. Metalloids (transition metals)

1.2. Metals

1.2.1. examples: Sodium, Nickel, Potassium

1.3. Non-Metals

1.3.1. ex: carbon, oxygen, phosphorus

1.4. Metalloids

1.4.1. ex: boron, silicon, arsenic

2. Compounds

2.1. Ionic

2.1.1. form when electrons are transferred between elements

2.1.2. metal and non-metal

2.1.2.1. change metal ending to "ide"

2.1.3. criss cross for formula

2.1.4. Lithium Nitride (Li3N)

2.2. Molecular

2.2.1. between non metal elements

2.2.2. no ions formed

2.2.3. covalent is another term

2.2.4. add prefixes and end of 2nd to "ide"

2.2.5. dinitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5)

3. Scientific Method

3.1. question -> think -> plan -> observe -> analyze -> conclusion -> question...

3.2. hypothesis

3.2.1. if..., then..., because...,

3.3. observations

3.3.1. qualitative

3.3.2. quantitative

3.4. inference

4. Ions

4.1. charged particles

4.2. Polyatomic

4.2.1. "blobs of non metals" stable with a charge

4.2.2. list on back of Periodic Table

5. Acids

5.1. molecular compounds named like ionic compounds

5.2. form like ions in water

5.3. increase amount of hydrogen ions (H+)

5.4. example: HCl (hydrochloric acid)

5.5. conduct electricity well

5.6. sour tasting

5.7. corrosive

5.8. reactive with many substances

6. Bases

6.1. ionic and named as so

6.2. increase amount of hydroxide (OH-)

6.3. Alkaline (another word)

6.4. bitter tasting

6.5. feel slippery

6.6. react with proteins

7. Chemical Reactions

7.1. reactants

7.1.1. before reaction

7.2. products

7.2.1. after reaction

7.3. Conservation of Mass

7.3.1. total mass of reactants = total mass of products

7.4. Classifying Reactions

7.4.1. Synthesis

7.4.1.1. A+B-> AB

7.4.1.2. putting things together

7.4.2. Decomposition

7.4.2.1. AB -> A+B

7.4.2.2. things coming apart

7.4.3. Single Displacement

7.4.3.1. one element butts in

7.4.3.2. A+BC -> AC+B

7.4.4. Double Displacement

7.4.4.1. elements swap partners

7.4.4.2. AB+CD -> AC+BD

7.4.5. Acid/Base Neutralization

7.4.5.1. elements swap partners

7.4.5.2. acid+base -> water+salt

7.4.6. Combustion

7.4.6.1. hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

7.4.6.2. complete combustion

7.4.6.2.1. fuel + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

8. Indicators

8.1. red litmus

8.2. blue litmus

8.3. universal

8.4. PhenolP

8.5. BromoB

9. Diagrams

9.1. Bohr

9.1.1. shells

9.2. Lewis

9.2.1. only valence electrons

10. Equations

10.1. word

10.1.1. magnesium chloride + lithium -> magnesium + lithium chloride

10.2. skeleton

10.2.1. 1MgCl2 + 2Li -> 1Mg + 2LiCl

10.3. balancing

10.3.1. Br2 + AlI3 -> AlBr3 + I2

10.3.2. 3Br2 + 2AlI3 -> 2AlBr3 3I2

11. Matter

11.1. made of particles

11.2. everything with mass and volume

11.3. pure substances

11.3.1. element

11.3.2. compound

11.4. mixtures

11.4.1. solution

11.4.2. heterogenous

12. Changes

12.1. Physical

12.1.1. particles rearranged

12.1.2. changes of state

12.1.3. Examples: shattering glass, cutting paper

12.2. Chemical

12.2.1. hints

12.2.1.1. colour change

12.2.1.2. energy given off (heat or light)

12.2.1.3. gas bubbles form

12.2.1.4. solid forms in liquid

12.2.1.5. irreversible

12.2.2. new particles formed

12.2.3. examples: burning leaves, rotting garbage

13. Particles

13.1. the smallest bit of something

13.2. pure substance = same particles

13.3. have energy

13.4. always moving

13.5. Solids, liquids, gases

13.5.1. solids=no spaces

13.5.2. liquids=small spaces

13.5.3. gases=very large spaces, spread out

14. Atoms & Molecules

14.1. protons

14.1.1. positive charge

14.2. neutrons

14.2.1. neutral charge

14.3. electrons

14.3.1. negative charge

14.4. standard atomic notation

15. Diatomic Elements

15.1. HOFBrINCl

15.2. formula is written as molecules