1. Periodic Table
1.1. Families
1.1.1. Halogens
1.1.2. Noble Gases
1.1.3. Alkali Metals
1.1.4. Alkaline Earth Metals
1.1.5. Metalloids (transition metals)
1.2. Metals
1.2.1. examples: Sodium, Nickel, Potassium
1.3. Non-Metals
1.3.1. ex: carbon, oxygen, phosphorus
1.4. Metalloids
1.4.1. ex: boron, silicon, arsenic
2. Diagrams
2.1. Bohr
2.1.1. shells
2.2. Lewis
2.2.1. only valence electrons
3. Compounds
3.1. Ionic
3.1.1. form when electrons are transferred between elements
3.1.2. metal and non-metal
3.1.2.1. change metal ending to "ide"
3.1.3. criss cross for formula
3.1.4. Lithium Nitride (Li3N)
3.2. Molecular
3.2.1. between non metal elements
3.2.2. no ions formed
3.2.3. covalent is another term
3.2.4. add prefixes and end of 2nd to "ide"
3.2.5. dinitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5)
4. Equations
4.1. word
4.1.1. magnesium chloride + lithium -> magnesium + lithium chloride
4.2. skeleton
4.2.1. 1MgCl2 + 2Li -> 1Mg + 2LiCl
4.3. balancing
4.3.1. Br2 + AlI3 -> AlBr3 + I2
4.3.2. 3Br2 + 2AlI3 -> 2AlBr3 3I2
5. Scientific Method
5.1. question -> think -> plan -> observe -> analyze -> conclusion -> question...
5.2. hypothesis
5.2.1. if..., then..., because...,
5.3. observations
5.3.1. qualitative
5.3.2. quantitative
5.4. inference
6. Matter
6.1. made of particles
6.2. everything with mass and volume
6.3. pure substances
6.3.1. element
6.3.2. compound
6.4. mixtures
6.4.1. solution
6.4.2. heterogenous
7. Changes
7.1. Physical
7.1.1. particles rearranged
7.1.2. changes of state
7.1.3. Examples: shattering glass, cutting paper
7.2. Chemical
7.2.1. hints
7.2.1.1. colour change
7.2.1.2. energy given off (heat or light)
7.2.1.3. gas bubbles form
7.2.1.4. solid forms in liquid
7.2.1.5. irreversible
7.2.2. new particles formed
7.2.3. examples: burning leaves, rotting garbage
8. Particles
8.1. the smallest bit of something
8.2. pure substance = same particles
8.3. have energy
8.4. always moving
8.5. Solids, liquids, gases
8.5.1. solids=no spaces
8.5.2. liquids=small spaces
8.5.3. gases=very large spaces, spread out
9. Atoms & Molecules
9.1. protons
9.1.1. positive charge
9.2. neutrons
9.2.1. neutral charge
9.3. electrons
9.3.1. negative charge
9.4. standard atomic notation
10. Diatomic Elements
10.1. HOFBrINCl
10.2. formula is written as molecules
11. Ions
11.1. charged particles
11.2. Polyatomic
11.2.1. "blobs of non metals" stable with a charge
11.2.2. list on back of Periodic Table
12. Acids
12.1. molecular compounds named like ionic compounds
12.2. form like ions in water
12.3. increase amount of hydrogen ions (H+)
12.4. example: HCl (hydrochloric acid)
12.5. conduct electricity well
12.6. sour tasting
12.7. corrosive
12.8. reactive with many substances
13. Bases
13.1. ionic and named as so
13.2. increase amount of hydroxide (OH-)
13.3. Alkaline (another word)
13.4. bitter tasting
13.5. feel slippery
13.6. react with proteins
14. Chemical Reactions
14.1. reactants
14.1.1. before reaction
14.2. products
14.2.1. after reaction
14.3. Conservation of Mass
14.3.1. total mass of reactants = total mass of products
14.4. Classifying Reactions
14.4.1. Synthesis
14.4.1.1. A+B-> AB
14.4.1.2. putting things together
14.4.2. Decomposition
14.4.2.1. AB -> A+B
14.4.2.2. things coming apart
14.4.3. Single Displacement
14.4.3.1. one element butts in
14.4.3.2. A+BC -> AC+B
14.4.4. Double Displacement
14.4.4.1. elements swap partners
14.4.4.2. AB+CD -> AC+BD
14.4.5. Acid/Base Neutralization
14.4.5.1. elements swap partners
14.4.5.2. acid+base -> water+salt
14.4.6. Combustion
14.4.6.1. hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
14.4.6.2. complete combustion
14.4.6.2.1. fuel + O2 -> CO2 + H2O