place and manner of articulation of consonants

1. in the description of the place where the obstruction in the vocal track take the place. to describe the place articulation of a consonant we must state wich of the lower articulators.

2. the manner of articulation refers to the way the articulators are set so that the resonance effect is possible.

3. Bilabial. “Sounds formed by both lips coming together”

4. Dental. “Sounds formed by the tongue touching the upper teeth” (Finch, 1999). These are not common in English, although they can sound like /t/ or /d/. If you imagine saying ‘Barcelona’ with a heavy Spanish accent, you might hear it.

5. Post-alveolar. “Sounds formed by the tongue curled behind the alveolar ridge”

6. Palatal. “Sounds formed by the middle of the tongue up against the hard palate”

7. Interdental. Produced by the tip of the tongue protruding between the upper and lower teeth. Interdental sounds include the ‘th’ sound /θ/ in words like ‘thing’ and ‘author’, or the /ð/ in words like ‘this’ and ‘other’.

8. Retroflex. There are other places of articulation which are not really used in English, and the retroflex is one of the. Here, the tongue is curled back on itself to create a rolling /r/ sound against the alveolar ridge.

9. consonants are sound that are produced with the articulator more or less close that is they are produced with a close articulation

10. the place of articulation refers to the area in one to the resonating cavities where the articulators are apposing some kind of stricture or obstacle to the passing to the air.

11. Labio-dental. “Sounds formed by the bottom lip touching the upper teeth”

12. Alveolar. “Sounds formed by the tongue coming into contact with the hard, or alveolar, ridge immediately behind the upper teeth”

13. Palato-alveolar. “Sounds formed by the tongue in contact with both the roof of the mouth, or hard palate, and the alveo­lar ridge”

14. Velar. “Sounds formed by the back of the tongue against the soft palate, or velum”

15. Uvular. Sounds formed by the root of the tongue being raised against the velum.

16. Glottal. “Sounds formed from the space between the vocal folds, or glottis” (Finch, 1999). There is no picture here because it is rather difficult to illustrate.