1. Maxillary incisor
1.1. Principal identifying features
1.1.1. Labial aspect
1.1.2. Mesial outline slightly convex with the crest of cervature near mesioincisal angle
1.1.3. Distal outline convex with the crest of cervature being in junction between middle and incisal third
1.1.4. Incisal outline in newly eruption has elevation called mamelons
1.1.5. Cervical outline semicircular direction with curvature direction towards root
1.1.6. root cone shaped Blunt apex 2_3mm longer than crown
1.2. Mesial aspect
1.2.1. Triangular shape base in carvix and apex in incisal ridge
1.2.2. The line bisects both crown and root
1.2.3. Libial outline slightly convex
1.2.4. Convex singulum Concave mesial marginal ridges Convex incisal ridge
1.2.5. Cervical outline curves incisally more in this surface about 3_4mm
1.3. Distal aspect
1.3.1. Curvature of cervical line is less than mesially
1.4. Incisal aspect
1.4.1. New Topic
1.4.2. Libial outline of crown broad and flat
1.4.3. The incisal edge is centred over the root
1.4.4. Well marked incisal edge and incisal ridge
1.4.5. Lingual outline tapers lingually to singulum
1.4.6. Libially dimension mesiodistal greater than lingually
1.4.7. Crown and root triangular shape in cross_section
2. Widest mesio_distally Straight mesial outline _ rounded distal outline Square or rectangular appearance Sharped mesial angle _ rounded distoincisal angle Well marked :- marginal ridges Lingual fossa Well developed:- singulum Single tapered root
3. Lingual aspect
3.1. Crown and root taper Mesio_distal dimension of lingual surface is narrower
3.2. Under cervical line smooth convexity called singulum confluent with raised marginal ridges mesially and distally
3.3. Between ridges and marginal ridges and singulum a shallow concavity called lingual fossa
4. Permanent incisors
4.1. 8 in number 4 maxillary 4 mandibular
4.2. The major function
4.3. 1_ incise or cut the food during mastication 2_. Play important roles in supporting the lips 3_ maintaining a desirable esthetic appearance 4_ important in phonetics
4.4. characteristic features of incisors crown
4.4.1. Incisal ridse portion of crown makes up complete incisal portion
4.4.2. Incisal edge use when an angle formed by occlusal wear flattened surface linguo_incisally
4.4.3. Presence of mamelons Singulum Lingual fossa Marginal ridges are longitudinally