1. Calculations of pitch, slope and slope ratio
1.1. pitch of a roof make a fraction of total riseover total span
1.2. slope of the roof measure 12inch along the plate line (slope = 4 in 12)
1.3. Slope ratio divide the horizontal measurement by the vertical rise
1.4. Other
2. Roof sheating
2.1. steel deck
2.2. Plywood
2.2.1. Grain going across rafters
2.3. Oriented strand board (OSB)
2.3.1. Always place smooth side down
2.4. Shiplap
2.5. Battens (for inter locking tile)
3. Types of roof covering
3.1. thatch covering
3.2. wood shingle roofing
3.3. tile roofing
3.4. metal roofing
3.5. slate roofing
3.6. asphalt shingle roofing
4. Basic types of roofs
4.1. shed
4.1.1. also called lean to roof, slope in only one direction
4.2. Gable
4.2.1. slope in two direction
4.3. Hip
4.3.1. Slope in four direction
4.4. Gambrel
4.4.1. slope in two direction, But each slope is broken in the middle
4.5. Manzard
4.5.1. the manzard roof are slope in four direction,Generally constructed with parapet the deck is normally flat
4.6. Flat Roof
4.6.1. Roofs structure over commercial an industrial building
4.7. Dormer
4.7.1. Roofed sctructure that contain windows and that are set vertically in sloping roof
4.8. Butterfly
4.8.1. Is a form of roof of charactirised by an inversion of a standard of roof form
4.9. Sawtooth
4.9.1. is used over industrial building to admit lights from above
4.10. Barrel
4.10.1. is the primary type of covering used on commercial and industrial structures
4.11. Dormer
4.11.1. roofed structurer that contain windows and that are set vartically in a sloping roof
4.12. A frame
4.12.1. roof consists of two planes joined at the ridge extending with a very steep slope to the ground
4.13. Pyramid
4.13.1. four sided roof that comes to a point at the top
4.14. Geodesic
4.14.1. Made of many triangles joined together, must like a ball
4.15. Conical roof
4.15.1. design bears much in a common with the domed except it peaks to a point
4.16. Dome
4.16.1. A circular or elleptical vaulted roof usually used to cover a sizable area
4.17. Segmented dome
4.17.1. like a dome, but segmented
5. Terms and Definition
5.1. Hip
5.1.1. the ridged formed by the intersection of two sloping surfaces
5.2. Valley
5.2.1. the reverse of the hip it is a formed by the intersection of two roof surfaces
5.3. Rake edge
5.3.1. the edge of gable, running between the eaves and ridge
5.4. Purlin
5.4.1. Horizontal or steel members, used to support common rafters of a roof when the span is large, purlins are supported on trusses or wall
5.5. facia board
5.5.1. A wooden plank or board fixed to the roof of the common rafters at the eaves
5.6. Barge board
5.6.1. A timber board used to hold the common rafter forming Verge/rake
5.7. Ridge
5.7.1. The apex line of the sloping roof
5.8. Eave
5.8.1. the lower edge of the inclined of roof surfaces
6. Elements of pitch
6.1. span
6.1.1. is the overall width of the building
6.2. run
6.2.1. always one half the span
6.3. rise
6.3.1. vertical distance between the top of ridge and the top of plate line
6.4. pitch
6.4.1. inclination of the sides of the roof to the horizontal plane
7. Roof loading of materials
7.1. concrete tile
7.1.1. loaded in small stacks distributed across the roof
7.2. shingles
7.2.1. loaded across the ridge NEVER in a valley or at the EAVES
7.3. EPDM
7.3.1. Distributed over multiple trusses or beams
7.4. Insulation
7.4.1. Cut the package on the ends with an X pattern and use a tap covering to avoid moisture