Psychosocial Development of Adolescents

1. Sexuality

1.1. Sexuality in adolescence is the process that involves being comfortable with maturing the body, engaging and practicing. safe sex. There are concerns whether adolescents practice enough safe sex and there is also a concern for consent. There are hormonal changes as well that influence sexuality. There is also a possibility of pregnancy for developing bodies.

1.2. "On the other hand, adults deplore it; most adults (80%, in fact) say that teenage sex is always or almost always wrong (Diamond & Savin-Williams, 2009). "Pg 293

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1.4. Some adolescents receive the s exual reproduction talk from their p arents but some find out from friends,media or personal experiences.Sometimes thinking about complicated topics like this can cause depression or stress.

2. Intimacy

2.1. Intimacy doesn't have to have sexual connotations. It is more of an emotional attachment between two people. This can manifest itself with parents, teachers or mentors. With other peers you can develop a close relationship with friends. Friends with a level of intimacy help each other more than other classmates.

2.2. "Intimacy between individuals and their parents declines between the 5th and 10th grades but increases between 10th grade and young adulthood." Pg 276

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2.4. When exploring relationships with others it is important to be with someone that will support and encourage you. Relationships should be healthy and constructive to your life.

3. Identity

3.1. Identity comes in hand with adolescence as it is a time of major changes when the ways we view ourselves and how others view us.Adolescents are still finding what category they belong to. Identity can be defined by new important decisions such as school, work, relationship and future plans.

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3.3. "While studies have found that the proportion of college students who are classified as identity achieved increases from around 20% during freshman year to as many as 40% senior year, whether this development can be attributed to the college experience is hard to say, since this increase might have taken place just as a result (Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005). "Pg 224

3.4. When you start to enter the phase of identity you start to see who you really are. In order to do that look at your roots. Remember to dream big and be creative.

4. Autonomy

4.1. Autonomy is the process of be coming a person that can on their own without outside supervision. It comes hand in hand with emotional and cognitive elements. It is a time in an adolescent's life when they start to question their parents. There are three types: emotional, behavioral and cognitive.

4.2. "For example, in a survey of high school students conducted just af ter President Donald Trump's inauguration in 2017, there were significant differences between the views held by students in California ( a famously liberal state, where Trump received 33% of the vote) and West Virginia (a famously conservative state, where Trump received 69% of the vote) (Metzger et al., 2020) (see Figure 9.8)." Pg 259

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4.4. Teens want freedom to use hormone blockers if they choose to do so without parent consent. It is the American dream to pursue whatever makes us happy.

5. Achievement

5.1. Many individuals young and old have a great emphasis on achievement since it becomes part of their identity. Achievements of each person are based on how motivated an individual is and their personal beliefs. Many focus on achievements because they have a fear of failure and it is not a choice.

5.2. "Discrepancies in rates of high school graduation between Latinx and other Americans are also substantial: 96% of non-Latinx White adults have completed high school, compared with 88% of Blacks and 91% of Asian Americans, but only 72% of Latinx adults have (U.S. Census Bureau, 2020)." Pg 341

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5.4. Stress is important to achieve goals but overstress isn't healthy for adolescents. Abbey Bowe developed an eating disorder because she wanted to be perfect.