1. Present tense
1.1. Present simple
1.1.1. 구조
1.1.1.1. 긍정문(Positive)
1.1.1.1.1. 주어(S)+동사(V)
1.1.1.2. 부정문(Negative)
1.1.1.2.1. 주어(S) + 조동사(AV) + not +동사(V)
1.1.1.3. 의문문(Question)
1.1.1.3.1. 조동사(AV)+주어(S)+동사(V)
1.1.2. 용도
1.1.2.1. Facts and generalization
1.1.2.2. Habits and routines
1.1.2.3. Permanent situations
1.2. Present continuous
1.2.1. 구조
1.2.1.1. 긍정문(Positive)
1.2.1.1.1. 주어(S) + to be 조동사 + 동사(V) + ing
1.2.1.2. 부정문(Negative)
1.2.1.2.1. 주어(S) + 조동사(AV) + not + 동사(V) + ing
1.2.1.3. 의문문(Question)
1.2.1.3.1. 조동사(AV) + 주어(S) + 동사(V) + ing
1.2.2. 용도
1.2.2.1. Something that's in progress right now
1.2.2.2. Something incomplete or temporary
2. Present perfect
2.1. Present perfect simple
2.1.1. 구조
2.1.1.1. 긍정문(Positive)
2.1.1.1.1. 주어(S) + have/has + 과거분사(PP)
2.1.1.2. 부정문(Negative)
2.1.1.2.1. 주어(S) + haven't/hasn't + 과거분사(PP)
2.1.1.3. 의문문(Question)
2.1.1.3.1. Have/has + 주어(S) + 과거분사(PP)
2.1.2. 용도
2.1.2.1. Things that began in the past and continue to the present
2.1.2.2. Actions that happened at an unknown time in the past
2.1.2.3. Actions that happened in the past and have an effect on the present
2.2. Present perfect continuous
2.2.1. 구조
2.2.1.1. 긍정문(Positive)
2.2.1.1.1. 주어(S) + has/have + been + 동사(V) + ing
2.2.1.2. 부정문(Negative)
2.2.1.2.1. 주어(S) + hasn't/haven't + been + 동사(V) + ing
2.2.1.3. 의문문(Question)
2.2.1.3.1. Has/have + 주어(S) + been + 동사(V) + ing
2.2.2. 용도
2.2.2.1. An action that has recently stopped
2.2.2.2. Something that started in the past and continue in the present