1. Economically
1.1. It is based on the diversity, knowledge and knowledge that allows the use and management of biodiversity.
1.1.1. This knowledge has been accumulated and passed on from generation to generation.
2. Indigenous cultures are localized
2.1. Northern region
2.1.1. Kanguamo
2.1.2. Chimilas
2.1.3. Kogui
2.1.4. Arhuaco
2.1.5. Zenu
2.1.6. Wiwa
2.1.7. Wayuu
2.1.8. Yukos
2.2. Central-western region
2.2.1. Pijao
2.2.2. Embera Chami
2.3. Northwest region
2.3.1. Zenu
2.3.2. Embera Katio
2.3.3. Embera Chami
2.3.4. Embera Waunan
2.3.5. Tule
2.3.6. Eparara Siapirara
2.3.7. Kuna
2.4. Central-eastern region
2.4.1. U'wa
2.4.2. Motilon
2.4.3. Piapoco
2.4.4. Macatwan
2.4.5. Sicuani
2.4.6. Cuiba
2.4.7. Guahibo
2.4.8. Bari
2.5. Southwest region
2.5.1. Guambianos Yacona
2.5.2. Paez
2.5.3. Awa
2.5.4. Pastos
2.5.5. Siona
2.5.6. Ingas
2.5.7. Embera
2.5.8. Kofan
2.6. Eastern region
2.6.1. Sikuani
2.6.2. Puinave
2.6.3. Yakuna
2.6.4. Plarea
2.6.5. Tucano
2.6.6. Cocamo
2.6.7. Salivas
2.6.8. Churripaco
2.6.9. Kubeo
2.6.10. Inga
2.6.11. Parane
2.6.12. Nukak Maku
3. Politically
3.1. Colombia has experienced a long journey to defend its most representative tribes, trying to preserve the cultural aspects of the Wayú, Arhuaco or Emberá peoples, among others.
3.1.1. In the year 1970
3.1.1.1. Based on Act 135 of 1961 (Agrarian Reform Act).
3.1.1.1.1. The legal recognition of lands to indigenous groups has been experienced and increasingly active in their claims.
3.1.2. In the year 1980
3.1.2.1. It was seen as an ideology of acceptance of special rights for indigenous peoples.
3.1.2.1.1. In particular
3.1.3. Currently
3.1.3.1. Others bear the brunt of the tension and violence generated by the presence of armed groups.
3.1.3.1.1. Progress has been made in the recognition of individual rights.s.
3.1.4. Currently
3.1.4.1. Some indigenous peoples are in a situation of impoverishment.
4. Approximately 1,300,000 to 1,700,000 indigenous people live in Colombia
4.1. They belong to about 81 different ethnic groups, with 64 different languages spoken, belonging to 14 linguistic families.
4.1.1. The Paeces, whose kinship system is guided by the branch of the father, the Wayu are a matrilineal society, which affects the system of descent, inheritance, ownership and residence.
4.1.2. The Paeces, Wayu, Emberaes and Nariño indigenous peoples represent 56 per cent of the Colombian indigenous population, while the rest are divided into 77 different groups.
4.1.3. Other groups less dense in population, with cultural forms and environmental adaptation, live in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
4.1.3.1. The Kogul
4.1.3.2. The Arsarios
4.1.3.3. The Cunas
4.1.3.4. The Arhuacos or ika
4.1.4. The Amazonian indigenous population is estimated at 50,000, with approximately 50 ethnic groups and 10 linguistic families.
4.1.5. Los guajiros o wayú, una sociedad de pastores trashumantes con las 73,000 personas que ocupan, permanecen en número.
4.1.6. The largest group are the foothills, about one hundred thousand, that live on both sides of the Cordillera Central, in the department of Cauca.