Ventilation/Perfusion

1. Alveolar Ventilation Equation

2. Lung Perfusion

2.1. Apex--Least

2.2. Base--highest

3. Lung Ventilation

3.1. Highest: Base

3.2. Lowest: Apex

4. ∆Perfusion (Base to Apex)>>∆Ventilation (Base to Apex)

5. Exercise

5.1. Increased O2 demand

5.2. Increased RR

5.3. Increased CO

5.4. V/Q ratio approaches 1

5.4.1. Increase in V> Increase in Q

5.4.2. Ratio becomes more even in zones

6. Physiological Dead Space

6.1. Bohr's Equation

6.1.1. Dead space can't cause hypoxemia on its own

6.1.2. Dead space-->Hypercapnia-->increased RR

7. Alveolar Gas Equation

8. Normal V/Q ratio (entire lung): 0.8

9. Pa>Pv>P(A): Zone 3

10. Pa>P(A)>Pv: Zone 2

10.1. Pulsatile Blood Flow

11. P(A)>Pa>Pv: Zone 1