1. ARM
1.1. ANTERIOR (FLEXOR)
1.1.1. CORACOBRACHIALIS
1.1.1.1. Origin
1.1.1.1.1. coracoid process
1.1.1.2. Insertion
1.1.1.2.1. medial surface of humerus
1.1.1.3. Innervation
1.1.1.3.1. musculocutaneous N.
1.1.1.4. Main Action
1.1.1.4.1. Adduction of the arm
1.1.1.4.2. flexion of the arm
1.1.2. BICEPS BRACHII
1.1.2.1. Origin
1.1.2.1.1. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
1.1.2.1.2. short head: coracoid process
1.1.2.2. Insertion
1.1.2.2.1. radial tuberosity
1.1.2.2.2. forearm fascia via bicipital apponeurosis
1.1.2.3. Innervation
1.1.2.3.1. musculocutaneous N.
1.1.2.4. Main Action
1.1.2.4.1. Supinator of the forearm
1.1.2.4.2. flexion of the elbow and shoulder joints
1.1.3. BRACHIALIS
1.1.3.1. Origin
1.1.3.1.1. Distal half of anterior surface of the humerus
1.1.3.2. Insertion
1.1.3.2.1. coronoid process
1.1.3.2.2. tuberosity of the ulna
1.1.3.3. Innervatiom
1.1.3.3.1. masculocutaneous N.
1.1.3.4. Main Action
1.1.3.4.1. Flexion of the elbow
1.2. POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR)
1.2.1. TRICEPS BRACHII
1.2.1.1. Origin
1.2.1.1.1. Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
1.2.1.1.2. Lateral head: upper half of posterior humerus
1.2.1.1.3. Medial head: distal 2/3 of medial and posterior humerus
1.2.1.2. insertion
1.2.1.2.1. olecranon process
1.2.1.3. Innervation
1.2.1.3.1. Radial N.
1.2.1.4. Main Action
1.2.1.4.1. Extension of the forearm
1.2.2. ANCONEUS
1.2.2.1. Origin
1.2.2.1.1. lateral epicondyle of the humerus
1.2.2.2. insertion
1.2.2.2.1. olecranon process
1.2.2.2.2. posterior proximal of the ulna
1.2.2.3. innervation
1.2.2.3.1. Radial N.
1.2.2.4. Main Action
1.2.2.4.1. Extension of the forearm
2. FOREARM
2.1. ANTERIOR (FLEXOR)
2.1.1. SUPERFICIAL
2.1.1.1. PRONATOR TERES
2.1.1.1.1. Origin
2.1.1.1.2. Insertion
2.1.1.1.3. Innervation
2.1.1.1.4. Main Action
2.1.1.2. FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
2.1.1.2.1. Origin
2.1.1.2.2. Insertion
2.1.1.2.3. Innervation
2.1.1.2.4. Main Action
2.1.1.3. PALMARIS LONGUS
2.1.1.3.1. Origin
2.1.1.3.2. Insertion
2.1.1.3.3. Innervation
2.1.1.3.4. Main Action
2.1.1.4. FLEXOR CRPI ULNARIS
2.1.1.4.1. Origin
2.1.1.4.2. Insertion
2.1.1.4.3. Innervation
2.1.1.4.4. Main Action
2.1.2. INTERMEDIATE
2.1.2.1. FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFACIALIS
2.1.2.1.1. Origin
2.1.2.1.2. Insertion
2.1.2.1.3. Innervation
2.1.2.1.4. Main Action
2.1.3. DEEP
2.1.3.1. PRONATOR QUADRATUS
2.1.3.1.1. Origin
2.1.3.1.2. Insertion
2.1.3.1.3. Innervation
2.1.3.1.4. Main Action
2.1.3.2. FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS
2.1.3.2.1. Origin
2.1.3.2.2. Insertion
2.1.3.2.3. Innervation
2.1.3.2.4. Main Action
2.1.3.3. FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
2.1.3.3.1. Origin
2.1.3.3.2. Insertion
2.1.3.3.3. Innervation
2.1.3.3.4. Main Action
2.2. POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR)
2.2.1. SUPERFICIAL
2.2.1.1. EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
2.2.1.1.1. Origin
2.2.1.1.2. Insertion
2.2.1.1.3. Innervation
2.2.1.1.4. Main Action
2.2.1.2. ETENSOR DIGITORUM
2.2.1.2.1. Origin
2.2.1.2.2. Insertion
2.2.1.2.3. Innervation
2.2.1.2.4. Main Action
2.2.1.3. EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI
2.2.1.3.1. Origin
2.2.1.3.2. Insertion
2.2.1.3.3. Innervation
2.2.1.3.4. Main Action
2.2.1.4. EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
2.2.1.4.1. Origin
2.2.1.4.2. Insertion
2.2.1.4.3. Innervation
2.2.1.4.4. Main Action
2.2.2. DEEP
2.2.2.1. SUPINATOR
2.2.2.1.1. Origin
2.2.2.1.2. Insertion
2.2.2.1.3. Innervation
2.2.2.1.4. Main Action
2.2.2.2. ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS
2.2.2.2.1. Origin
2.2.2.2.2. Insertion
2.2.2.2.3. Innervation
2.2.2.2.4. Main Actiom
2.2.2.3. EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS
2.2.2.3.1. Orogin
2.2.2.3.2. Insertion
2.2.2.3.3. Innervation
2.2.2.3.4. Main Action
2.2.2.4. EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS
2.2.2.4.1. Origin
2.2.2.4.2. Insertion
2.2.2.4.3. Innervation
2.2.2.4.4. Main Action
2.2.2.5. EXTENSOR INDICIS
2.2.2.5.1. Origin
2.2.2.5.2. Insertion
2.2.2.5.3. Innervation
2.2.2.5.4. Main Action
2.3. LATERAL
2.3.1. BRACHIORADIALIS
2.3.1.1. Origin
2.3.1.1.1. Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
2.3.1.2. Insertion
2.3.1.2.1. Lateral spect of distal radius
2.3.1.3. Innervation
2.3.1.3.1. Radial N.
2.3.1.4. Main Action
2.3.1.4.1. flexion of the forearm at elbow joint
2.3.2. EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
2.3.2.1. Origin
2.3.2.1.1. Lateral supracondylar rigid of the humerus
2.3.2.2. Insertion
2.3.2.2.1. base of second metacarpal
2.3.2.3. Innervation
2.3.2.3.1. Radial N.
2.3.2.4. Main Action
2.3.2.4.1. Extension of the hand
3. SCAPULOHUMERAL
3.1. DELTOID
3.1.1. Origin
3.1.1.1. lateral third of anterior clavicle
3.1.1.2. lateral acromion
3.1.1.3. inferior edge of scapular spine
3.1.2. Insertion
3.1.2.1. Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
3.1.3. Innervation
3.1.3.1. Axillary N.
3.1.4. Main Action
3.1.4.1. Clavicular part: flex and medially rotates the arm
3.1.4.2. Acromial part: abduction of the humerus
3.1.4.3. Spinal part: extension and lateral rotation of the humerus
3.2. SUPRASPINATUS
3.2.1. Origin
3.2.1.1. supraspinous fossa
3.2.2. Insertion
3.2.2.1. superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
3.2.3. Innervation
3.2.3.1. Suprascapular N.
3.2.4. Main Action
3.2.4.1. Arm abduction
3.2.4.2. part of rotator cuff muscles
3.3. INFRASPINATOUS
3.3.1. Origin
3.3.1.1. Infraspinatus fossa
3.3.2. Insertion
3.3.2.1. Middle facet of greater tubercule of humerus
3.3.3. Innervation
3.3.3.1. supscapular N.
3.3.4. Main Action
3.3.4.1. Lateral rotation of the arm
3.3.4.2. part of rotator cuff muscles
3.4. TERES MAJOR
3.4.1. Origin
3.4.1.1. posterior surface of scapular inferior angle
3.4.2. Insertion
3.4.2.1. intertubercular sulcus
3.4.3. Innervation
3.4.3.1. lower subscapular N.
3.4.4. Main Action
3.4.4.1. Medial rotation of the arm
3.4.4.2. adduction of the arm
3.5. TERES MINOR
3.5.1. Origin
3.5.1.1. upper 2/3 of posterior surface of scapular lateral border
3.5.2. Insertion
3.5.2.1. inferior facet of greater tubercle of the scapula
3.5.3. Innervation
3.5.3.1. Axillary N.
3.5.4. Main Action
3.5.4.1. lateral rotation of the arm
3.5.4.2. part of rotator cuff muscles
3.6. SUBSCAPULARIS
3.6.1. Origin
3.6.1.1. subscapular fossa
3.6.2. Insertion
3.6.2.1. lesser tubercle of humerus
3.6.3. Innervation
3.6.3.1. upper and lower subscapular N.
3.6.4. Main Action
3.6.4.1. medial rotation of the humerus
3.6.4.2. helps hold humerus head in glenoid cavity
3.6.4.3. part of rotator cuff muscles
4. CONNECTING IT TO THE TRUNK
4.1. ANTERIOR
4.1.1. PECTORALIS MAJOR
4.1.1.1. Origin
4.1.1.1.1. Sternal half of the clavicle
4.1.1.1.2. Medial half of the sternum
4.1.1.1.3. Aponeurosis of external oblique abdominal M.
4.1.1.2. Insertion
4.1.1.2.1. Intertubercular groove of the humerus
4.1.1.3. Innervation
4.1.1.3.1. Lateral and Medial pectoral N.
4.1.1.4. Main Action
4.1.1.4.1. Flexion of the arm
4.1.1.4.2. Extension of the arm from flexed position
4.1.1.4.3. Internal rotation of the shoulder
4.1.1.4.4. Adduction of the arm
4.1.2. PECTORALIS MINOR
4.1.2.1. Origin
4.1.2.1.1. 3rd, 4th and 5th rib
4.1.2.2. Insertion
4.1.2.2.1. Coracoid process of scapula
4.1.2.3. Innervation
4.1.2.3.1. Medial pectoral N.
4.1.2.4. Main Action
4.1.2.4.1. Depression of scapula
4.1.3. SUBCLAVIUS
4.1.3.1. Origin
4.1.3.1.1. Upper border of 1st rib and it's cartilage
4.1.3.2. Insertion
4.1.3.2.1. Inferior surface of middle third of the clavicle
4.1.3.3. Innervation
4.1.3.3.1. Nerves to subclavius
4.1.3.4. Main Action
4.1.3.4.1. Depression of clavicular later end
4.1.4. SERRATUS ANTERIOR
4.1.4.1. Origin
4.1.4.1.1. First 8 to 9 ribs
4.1.4.2. Insertion
4.1.4.2.1. Ventral aspect of scapular medial border
4.1.4.3. Innervation
4.1.4.3.1. Long thoracic N.
4.1.4.4. Main Action
4.1.4.4.1. Protrusion of the scapula
4.1.4.4.2. Superior rotation of the scapula
4.2. POSTERIOR
4.2.1. TRAPEZIUS
4.2.1.1. Origin
4.2.1.1.1. Back of skull
4.2.1.1.2. Spinous processes of 7th cervical vertebra
4.2.1.1.3. Spinous processes of all 12 thoracic vertebrae
4.2.1.2. Insertion
4.2.1.2.1. Scapular spin
4.2.1.2.2. Acromion process
4.2.1.2.3. Lateral third of the clavicle
4.2.1.3. Innervation
4.2.1.3.1. Spinal root of accessory N.
4.2.1.4. Main Action
4.2.1.4.1. Elevation of the scapula
4.2.1.4.2. Depression of the scapula
4.2.1.4.3. Retraction of the scapula
4.2.1.4.4. Superior rotation of the scapula
4.2.2. LATISSIMUS DORSI
4.2.2.1. Origin
4.2.2.1.1. Iliac crest
4.2.2.1.2. Last 3 or 4 ribs
4.2.2.1.3. Thoracolumbar fascia
4.2.2.1.4. Spinous process of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae
4.2.2.2. Insertion
4.2.2.2.1. Intertubercular groove of the humerus
4.2.2.3. Innervation
4.2.2.3.1. Thoracodorsal N.
4.2.2.4. Main Action
4.2.2.4.1. Adduction of the arm
4.2.2.4.2. Extension of the arm
4.2.2.4.3. Internal rotation of the shoulder
4.2.3. LEVATOR SCAPULAE
4.2.3.1. Origin
4.2.3.1.1. Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
4.2.3.2. Insertion
4.2.3.2.1. Posterior portion of scapular medial boreder
4.2.3.3. Innervation
4.2.3.3.1. Dorsal scapular N.
4.2.3.4. Main Action
4.2.3.4.1. Elevation of the scapula
4.2.4. RHOMBOID MAJOR
4.2.4.1. Origin
4.2.4.1.1. Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae
4.2.4.2. Insertion
4.2.4.2.1. Scapular medial border under scapular spine base
4.2.4.3. Innervation
4.2.4.3.1. Dorsal scapular N.
4.2.4.4. Main Action
4.2.4.4.1. Elevation of the scapula
4.2.4.4.2. Retraction of the scapula
4.2.4.4.3. Inferior rotation of the scapula (downward)
4.2.5. RHOMBOID MINOR
4.2.5.1. Origin
4.2.5.1.1. Spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae
4.2.5.2. Insertion
4.2.5.2.1. Scapular medial border at the base of scapular spine
4.2.5.3. Innervation
4.2.5.3.1. Dorsal scapular N.
4.2.5.4. Main Action
4.2.5.4.1. Elevation of the scapula
4.2.5.4.2. Retraction of the scapula
4.2.5.4.3. Inferior rotation of the scapula (downward)
5. HAND
5.1. PALMARIS BREVIS
5.1.1. Origin
5.1.1.1. palmar aponeurosis
5.1.1.1.1. flexor retinaculum
5.1.2. Insertion
5.1.2.1. skin of medial border of the palm
5.1.3. Innervation
5.1.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.1.4. Main Action
5.1.4.1. wrinkles of the skin at the palm of the hand
5.2. LUMBRICALS (FIRST+SECOND)
5.2.1. Origin
5.2.1.1. Lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
5.2.2. Insertion
5.2.2.1. Lateral side of extensor expansion of digits 2 and 3
5.2.3. Innervation
5.2.3.1. Medial N.
5.2.4. Main Action
5.2.4.1. Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
5.2.4.2. Extension of interphalangeal joints (IP)
5.3. LUMBRICALS (THIRD+FOURTH)
5.3.1. Origin
5.3.1.1. Medial three tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
5.3.2. Insertion
5.3.2.1. Lateral side of extensor expansion of digits 4 and 5
5.3.3. Innervation
5.3.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.3.4. Main Action
5.3.4.1. Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP)
5.3.4.2. Extension of interphalangeal joints (IP)
5.4. PALMAR INTEROSSI
5.4.1. Origin
5.4.1.1. Side of metacarpal 2,4 and 5
5.4.2. Insertion
5.4.2.1. Bases of proximal phalanx 3,4 and 5
5.4.3. Innervation
5.4.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.4.4. Main Action
5.4.4.1. Adduct the digitas
5.5. DISTAL INTEROSSI
5.5.1. Origin
5.5.1.1. Adjacent side of 2 metacarpal bones
5.5.2. Insertion
5.5.2.1. Bases of proximal phalanges
5.5.2.2. Extensor expansion pf digits 2 to 4
5.5.3. Innervation
5.5.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.5.4. Main Action
5.5.4.1. Abduction of the digits
5.6. ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS
5.6.1. Origin
5.6.1.1. Flexor retinaculum
5.6.1.2. Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
5.6.2. Insertion
5.6.2.1. Lateral side of thumb proximal phalanx base
5.6.3. Innervation
5.6.3.1. Median N.
5.6.4. Main Action
5.6.4.1. Abduction of the thumb
5.7. OPPONENS POLLICIS
5.7.1. Origin
5.7.1.1. FLexor retinaculum
5.7.1.2. Tubercle of trapezium
5.7.2. Insertion
5.7.2.1. Lateral side of first metacarpal
5.7.3. Innervation
5.7.3.1. Median N.
5.7.4. Main Action
5.7.4.1. Opposes the thumb to other fingers
5.8. FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS
5.8.1. Origin
5.8.1.1. Flexor retinaculum
5.8.1.2. Tubercle of trapezium
5.8.2. Inserion
5.8.2.1. LAteral side of thumb proximal phalanx base
5.8.3. Innervation
5.8.3.1. Median N.
5.8.4. Main Action
5.8.4.1. Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb (MCP)
5.9. ADDUCTOR POLLICIS
5.9.1. Origin
5.9.1.1. Oblique head
5.9.1.1.1. Bases of second and third metacarpals
5.9.1.1.2. capital and adjacent bones
5.9.1.2. Transverse head
5.9.1.2.1. ANterior surface of 3rd metacarpal
5.9.2. Insertion
5.9.2.1. Medial side of thumb proximal phalanx base
5.9.3. Innervation
5.9.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.9.4. Main Action
5.9.4.1. Adduction of the thumb
5.10. OPPONENS DIGITI MINIMI
5.10.1. Origin
5.10.1.1. Flexor retinaculum
5.10.1.2. Hook of hamate bone
5.10.2. Insertion
5.10.2.1. palmar surface of fifth metacarpal
5.10.3. Innervation
5.10.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.10.4. Main Action
5.10.4.1. Opposes the little finger to other fingers
5.11. ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI
5.11.1. Origin
5.11.1.1. pisiform bone
5.11.1.2. tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
5.11.2. Insertion
5.11.2.1. Medial side of little finger proximal phalanx bone
5.11.3. Innervation
5.11.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.11.4. Main Action
5.11.4.1. Abduction of the little finger
5.12. FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS
5.12.1. Origin
5.12.1.1. Flexor retinaculum
5.12.1.2. Hook of hamate bone
5.12.2. Insertion
5.12.2.1. Medial side of little finger proximal phalanx base
5.12.3. Innervation
5.12.3.1. Ulnar N.
5.12.4. Main Action
5.12.4.1. Flexion of little finger