1. Predisposing Factors
1.1. Age ≥ 85
1.2. >1 ADL impairment
1.3. Visual Impairment
1.4. Dementia diagnosis
1.5. BUN:Cr ratio ≥ 18
1.6. BMI < 20
2. Precipitants
2.1. Something absent that's necessary
2.1.1. Food
2.1.2. Water
2.1.3. Sleep
2.1.4. Metabolic Materials
2.1.4.1. Hemoglobin
2.1.4.2. Glucose
2.1.4.3. Oxygen
2.1.5. Stimuli
2.1.5.1. Auditory
2.1.5.2. Visual
2.1.5.3. Cognitive
2.1.6. Activity
2.2. Something present that shouldn't be
2.2.1. Deliriogenic Medications
2.2.1.1. Anticholinergic Medications
2.2.1.1.1. Amitriptyline Belladonna alkaloids Chlorpromazine Cyproheptadine Cyclobenzaprine Dicyclomine Diphenhydramine Doxepin Hyoscyamine Hydroxyzine Imipramine Meclizine Prochlorperazine Promethazine Thioridazine Trimethobenzamide
2.2.1.2. Benzodiazepines
2.2.1.3. Muscle Relaxants
2.2.1.3.1. Carisoprodol Chlorzoxazone Cyclobenzaprine Metaxalone Methocarbamol Tizanidine
2.2.1.4. Opioids
2.2.1.5. Anticonvulsants
2.2.2. Metabolic Waste/Toxins
2.2.2.1. Urinary Obstruction
2.2.2.2. Fecal Impaction
2.2.2.3. Uremia
2.2.2.4. Ammonia
2.2.3. Infections
2.2.3.1. UTI
2.2.3.2. PNA
2.2.3.3. GI
2.2.3.3.1. Gut
2.2.3.3.2. Biliary
2.2.3.4. Encephalitis/Meningitis
2.2.3.5. Skin/Cellulitis
2.2.4. Electrolytes
2.2.4.1. Na
2.2.4.2. Ca
2.2.4.3. HCO3
2.2.4.4. Glucose
2.2.5. Pain
2.2.6. Physical Restraints
2.2.7. Bladder Catheter