cellular adaptation

1. hyperplasia

1.1. increase cell number

1.2. examples

1.2.1. physiologic

1.2.1.1. pregnancy

1.2.2. pathologic

1.2.2.1. BPH

1.3. abnormal proliferation

1.3.1. normal cells

2. displasia

2.1. increased number

2.1.1. disorderly

2.1.2. disorganized

2.1.3. "atypical hyperplasia"

2.2. NOT cancer

2.2.1. may lead to cancer

2.3. nucleous:cytoplasm ratio changes

2.4. example

2.4.1. squamous epithelial cells of cervix

3. metaplasia

3.1. replacement

3.1.1. mature cells

3.1.2. by other type

3.1.2.1. immature cells

3.2. reversible

4. link to cellular injury map

5. normal

6. atrophy

6.1. decrease cell size

6.2. examples

6.2.1. physiologic

6.2.1.1. thymus

6.2.2. pathologic

6.2.2.1. Alzheimer

7. hypertrophy

7.1. increase cell size

8. can have both together

8.1. example - menstrual cycle

9. changes

9.1. exposure

9.1.1. xenobiotic

9.2. usually reversible